Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002 by + The FreeBSD Documentation Project
+ +$FreeBSD:
+ src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/errata/article.sgml,v
+ 1.1.2.43.2.1 2002/01/25 21:48:54 bmah Exp $
+
++ ++ + ++This document lists errata items for FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE, containing significant information + discovered after the release. This information includes + security advisories, as well as news relating to the + software or documentation that could affect its operation + or usability. An up-to-date version of this document + should always be consulted before installing this version + of FreeBSD.
+ +This errata document for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE will be + maintained until the release of FreeBSD 4.6-RELEASE.
+
This errata document contains ``late-breaking news'' + about FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE. Before installing this version, + it is important to consult this document to learn about any + post-release discoveries or problems that may already have + been found and fixed.
+ +Any version of this errata document actually distributed + with the release (for example, on a CDROM distribution) + will be out of date by definition, but other copies are + kept updated on the Internet and should be consulted as the + ``current errata'' for this release. These other copies of + the errata are located at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/, plus any sites + which keep up-to-date mirrors of this location.
+ +Source and binary snapshots of FreeBSD 4-STABLE also + contain up-to-date copies of this document (as of the time + of the snapshot).
+ +For a list of all FreeBSD CERT security advisories, see + http://www.FreeBSD.org/security/ or ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/.
+This file, and other release-related + documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/.
+ +For questions about FreeBSD, read the + documentation + before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
+ +For questions about this + documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.
+Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002 by + The FreeBSD Documentation Project
+This document contains the hardware compatability notes + for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE on the Alpha/AXP hardware platform + (also referred to as FreeBSD/alpha 4.5-RELEASE). It lists + devices known to work on this platform, as well as some + notes on boot-time kernel customization that may be useful + when attempting to configure support for new devices.
+ +++Note: This document includes information + specific to the Alpha/AXP hardware platform. Versions + of the hardware compatability notes for other + architectures will differ in some details.
+
Additions, corrections and constructive criticism are + invited. In particular information on system quirks is more + than welcome.
+ +This document tries to provide a starting point for + those who want to run FreeBSD on an Alpha-based machine. + It is aimed at providing background information on the + various hardware designs. It is not a replacement for the + systems manuals.
+ +The information is structured as follows:
+ +general hardware requirements to run FreeBSD on + alpha;
+system specific information for each of the + systems/boards supported by FreeBSD;
+information on expansion boards for FreeBSD, + including things that differ from what is in the + generic supported hardware list.
+++Note: You will see references to DEC, + Digital Equipment Corporation and Compaq used more or + less interchangeably. Now that Compaq has acquired + Digital Equipment it would be more correct to refer + to Compaq only. Given the fact that you will see the + mix of names everywhere I don't bother.
+
++Note: SRM commands will be in UPPER CASE. Lower case input + is also acceptible to SRM. Upper case is used for + clarity.
+
Obviously you will need an Alpha machine that FreeBSD + knows about. Alpha machines are NOT like PCs. There are + considerable differences between the various core logic + chip sets and mainboard designs. This means that a kernel + needs to know the intimate details of a particular + machine before it can run on it. Throwing some odd GENERIC kernel at unknown hardware + is almost guaranteed to fail miserably.
+ +For a machine even to be considered for FreeBSD use + please make sure it has the SRM console firmware + installed. Or at least make sure that SRM console + firmware is available for the particular machine type. If + FreeBSD does not currently support your machine type, + there is a good chance that this will change at some + point in time, assuming SRM is available. All bets are + off when SRM console firmware is not available.
+ +Machines with the ARC or AlphaBIOS console firmware + were intended for WindowsNT. Some have SRM console + firmware available in the system ROMs which you only have + to select (via an ARC or AlphaBIOS menu). In other cases + you will have to re-flash the ROMs with SRM code. Check + on http://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/Alpha/firmware to see + what is available for your particular system. In any + case: no SRM means no FreeBSD (or NetBSD, OpenBSD, + Tru64 Unix or OpenVMS for that matter). With the demise + of WindowsNT/alpha a lot of former NT boxes are sold on + the second hand market. They have little or no trade-in + value when they are NT-only from the console firmware + perspective. So, be suspicious if the price appears too + good.
+ +Known non-SRM machines are:
+ +Digital XL series
+Digital XLT series
+Samsung PC164UX
+Samsung 164B
+To complicate things a bit further: Digital used to + have so called ``white-box'' Alpha machines destined as + NT-only and ``blue-box'' Alpha machines destined for + OpenVMS and Digital Unix. These names are based on the + color of the cabinets, ``FrostWhite'' and ``TopGunBlue'' + respectively. Although you could put the SRM console + firmware on a whitebox, OpenVMS and Digital Unix will + refuse to boot on them. FreeBSD in post-4.0-RELEASE will + run on both the white and the blue-box variants. Before + someone asks: the white ones had a rather different + (read: cheaper) Digital price tag.
+ +As part of the SRM you will get the so called OSF/1 + PAL code (OSF/1 being the initial name of Digital's UNIX + offering on Alpha). The PAL code can be thought of as a + software abstraction layer between the hardware and the + operating system. It uses normal CPU instruction plus a + handful of privileged instructions specific for PAL use. + PAL is not microcode. The ARC console firmware contains a + different PAL code, geared towards WinNT and in no way + suitable for use by FreeBSD (or more generic: Unix or + OpenVMS). Before someone asks: Linux/alpha brings its own + PAL code, allowing it to boot on ARC and AlphaBIOS. There + are various reasons why this is not a very good idea in + the eyes of the *BSD folks. I don't want to go into + details here. If you are interested in the gory details + search the FreeBSD and NetBSD web sites.
+ +There is another pitfall ahead: you will need a disk + adapter that the SRM console firmware recognizes in order + to be able to boot from a disk. What is acceptable to SRM + as a boot adapter is unfortunately highly system and SRM + version dependent. For older PCI based machines it means + you will need either a NCR/Symbios 53C810 based adapter, + or a Qlogic 1020/1040 based adapter. Some machines come + with a SCSI chip embedded on the mainboard. Newer machine + designs and SRM versions will be able to work with more + modern SCSI chips/adapters. Check out the machine + specific info below. Please note that the rest of this + discussion only refers to Symbios chips, this is meant to + include the older chips that still have NCR stamped on + them. Symbios bought NCR sometime.
+ +The problem might bite those who have machines that + started their lives as WindowsNT boxes. The ARC or + AlphaBIOS knows about other adapter types that it can + boot from than the SRM. For example you can boot from an + Adaptec 2940UW with ARC/AlphaBios but (generally) not + with SRM. Some newer machine types have introduced + Adaptec boot support. Please consult the machine specific + section for details.
+ +Most adapters that cannot be booted from work fine for + data-only disks. The differences between SRM and ARC + could also get you pre-packaged IDE CDROMs and hard + drives in some (former WindowsNT) systems. SRM versions + exist (depends on the machine type) that can boot from + IDE disks and CDROMs. Check the machine specific section + for details.
+ +FreeBSD 4.0 and later can be booted from the + distribution CDROM. Earlier versions needed booting from + a 2 disk floppy set.
+ +In order to be bootable the root partition (partition + a) must be at offset 0 of the disk drive. This means you + have to use the installer's partitioning menu and start + with assigning partiton a at offset 0 to the root + partition. Subsequently layout the rest of the partitions + to your liking. If you do not adhere to this rule the + install will proceed just fine, but the system will not + be bootable from the freshly installed disk.
+ +If you don't have/want a local disk drive you can boot + via the Ethernet. This assumes an Ethernet adapter/chip + that is recognized by the SRM console. Generally speaking + this boils down to either a 21040 or 21142 or 21143 based + Ethernet interface. Older machines or SRM versions may + not recognize the 21142 / 21143 Fast Ethernet chips, you + are then limited to using 10Mbit Ethernet for net booting + those machines. Non-DEC cards based on said chips will + generally (but are not guaranteed to) work. Note that + Intel took over the 21x4x chips when it bought Digital + Semiconductor. So you might see an Intel logo on them + these days. Recent machine designs have SRM support for + Intel 8255x Ethernet chips.
+ +Alpha machines can be run with SRM on a graphics + console or on a serial console. ARC can also be run on a + serial consoles if need be. VT100 emulation with 8 bit + controls should at least allow you to switch from + ARC/AlphaBIOS to SRM mode without having to install a + graphics card first.
+ +If you want to run your Alpha machine without a + monitor/graphics card just don't connect a keyboard/mouse + to the machine. Instead hook up a serial + terminal[emulator] to serial port #1. The SRM will talk + 9600N81 to you. This can also be really practical for + debugging purposes. Beware: some/most (?) SRMs will also + present you with a console prompt at serial port #2. The + booting kernel, however, will display the boot messages + on serial port #1 and will also put the console there. + This can be + extremely confusing.
+ +Most PCI based Alphas can use ordinary PC-type VGA + cards. The SRM contains enough smarts to make that work. + It does not, however, mean that each and every PCI VGA + card out on the street will work in an Alpha machine. + Things like S3 Trio64, Mach64, and Matrox Millennium + generally work. Old ET4000 based ISA cards have also + worked for me. But ask around first before buying.
+ +Most PCI devices from the PC-world will also work in + FreeBSD PCI-based machines. Check the /sys/alpha/conf/GENERIC file for the + latest word on this. Check the appropriate machine type's + discussion in case you want to use PCI cards that have + PCI bridge chips on them. In some cases you might + encounter problems with PCI cards not handling PCI parity + correctly. This can lead to panics. PCI parity checking + can be disabled using the following SRM command:
++ >>> SET PCI_PARITY OFF ++ +
This is not a FreeBSD problem, all operating systems + running on Alpha hardware will need this workaround.
+ +If your system (also) contains EISA expansion slots + you will need to run the EISA Configuration Utility (ECU) + after you have installed EISA cards or after you have + upgraded your console firmware.
+ +For Alpha CPUs you will find multiple generations. The + original Alpha design is the 21064. It was produced in a + chip process called MOS4, chips made in this process are + nicknamed EV4. Newer CPUs are 21164, 21264 etc. You will + see designations like EV4S, EV45, EV5, EV56, EV6, EV67. + The EVs with double digit numbers are slightly improved + versions. For example EV45 has an improved FPU and 16 + kByte on-chip separate I & D caches compared to the + EV4 on which it is based. Rule of thumb: the higher the + digit immediately following ``EV'' the more desirable + (read: faster / more modern).
+ +For memory you want at least 32 Mbytes. I have had + FreeBSD run on a 16 Mbyte system but you will not enjoy + that. Kernel build times halved when I went to 32 Mbytes. + Note that the SRM console steals 2Mbyte from the total + system memory (and keeps it). For more serious work 64 + Mbytes or more are recommended.
+ +While on the subject of memory: pay close attention to + the type of memory your machine uses. There are very + different memory configurations and requirements for the + various machines.
+ +Final word: I expect the above to sound a bit daunting + to the first-time Alpha user. Don't be daunted too much. + And do feel free to ask questions if something is not + clear after reading this document.
+Below is an overview of the hardware that FreeBSD runs + on. This list will definitely grow, a look in /sys/alpha/conf/GENERIC can be + enlightening.
+ +Alpha machines are often best known by their project + code name. Where known these are listed below in + parentheses.
+ +The NoName is a baby-AT mainboard based on the 21066 + LCA (Low Cost Alpha) processor. NoName was originally + designed for OEM-use. The LCA chip includes almost all + of the logic to drive a PCI bus and the memory + subsystem. All of this makes for a low-priced + design.
+ +Due to the limited memory interface the system is + not particularly fast in case of cache misses. As long + as you stay inside the on-chip cache the CPU is + comparable to a 21064 (first generation Alpha). These + boards should be very cheap to obtain these days. It is + a full-fledged 64 bit CPU, just don't expect miracles + as far as speed goes.
+ +Features:
+ +21066 Alpha CPU at 166 MHz or 21066A CPU at + 233MHz. 21068 CPUs are also possible, but are even + slower.
+on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 0, 256k or 1 Mbyte + (uses DIL chips)
+PS/2 mouse & keyboard port OR 5pin DIN + keyboard (2 mainboard models)
+memory:
+ +bus width: 64 bits
+PS/2 style 72 pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode + SIMMs
+70ns or better
+installed in pairs of 2
+4 SIMM sockets
+uses ECC
+512kB Flash ROM for the console code.
+2 16550A serial ports
+1 parallel port
+floppy interface
+1 embedded IDE interface
+expansion:
+ +3 32 bit PCI slots (1 shared with ISA)
+5 ISA slots (1 shared with PCI)
+embedded Fast SCSI using a Symbios 53C810 + chip
+NoNames can either have SRM or ARC + console firmware in their Flash ROM. The Flash ROM is + not big enough to hold both ARC and SRM at the same + time and allow software selection of alternate console + code. But you only need SRM anyway.
+ +Cache for the NoNames are 15 or 20 ns DIL chips. For + a 256 kByte cache you want to check your junked 486 + mainboard. Chips for a 1 Mbyte cache are a rarer breed + unfortunately. Getting at least a 256kByte cache is + recommended performance wise. Cache-less they are + really slow.
+ +The NoName mainboard has a PC/AT-standard power + connector. It also has a power connector for 3.3 Volts. + No need to rush out to get a new power supply. The 3.3 + Volts is only needed in case you run 3.3 Volts PCI + expansion boards. These are quite rare.
+ +The IDE interface is supported by FreeBSD and + requires a line in the kernel configuration file as + follows:
++ device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 ++ +
The SRM console unfortunately cannot boot + from IDE disks. This means you will have to use a SCSI + disk as the boot device.
+ +The NoName is somewhat stubborn when it comes to + serial consoles. It needs
++ >>> SET CONSOLE SERIAL ++ +
before it goes for a serial console. Pulling the + keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is + on most other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical + console needs
++ >>> SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS ++ +
at the serial console.
+ +There have been reports that you sometimes need to + press Control-Alt-Del to capture + the SRM's attention. I have never seen this myself, but + it is worth trying if you are greeted by a blank screen + after powerup.
+ +Make sure you use true 36 bit SIMMs, and only FPM + (Fast Page Mode) DRAM. EDO DRAM or SIMMs with fake + parity will + not work. The board uses the 4 extra bits + for ECC. 33 bit FPM SIMMs will for the same reason not + work.
+ +Given the choice, get the PS/2-variant mainboard. + Apart from giving you a mouse port as bonus it is + directly supported by Tru64 Unix in case you ever want + or need to run it. The ``DIN-plug''-variant should work + OK for FreeBSD.
+ +The OEM manual is recommended + reading.
+ +The kernel configuration file for a NoName kernel + must contain:
++ options DEC_AXPPCI_33 + cpu EV4 ++
++Note: Multia can be either Intel or Alpha + CPU based. We assume Alpha based ones here for + obvious reasons.
+
Multia is a small desktop box intended as a sort of + personal workstation. They come in a considerable + number of variations, check closely what you get.
+ +Features:
+ +21066 Alpha CPU at 166 MHz or 21066A CPU at + 233MHz
+on-board Bcache / L2 cache: COAST-like 256 kByte + cache module; 233MHz models have 512kByte of cache; + 166MHz models have soldered-on 256kB caches
+PS/2 mouse & keyboard port
+memory:
+ +bus width: 64 bits
+PS/2 style 72 pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode + SIMMs
+70ns or better
+SIMMs are installed in pairs of 2
+4 SIMM sockets
+uses ECC
+2 16550A serial ports
+1 parallel port
+floppy interface
+Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge
+1 embedded 21040 based 10Mbit Ethernet, AUI and + 10base2 connector
+expansion:
+ +1 32 bit PCI slot
+2 PCMCIA slots
+on-board Crystal CS4231 or AD1848 sound chip
+embedded Fast SCSI, using a Symbios 53C810[A] + chip on the PCI riser card
+Multia has enough Flash ROM to store both SRM and + ARC code at the same time and allow software selection + of one of them.
+ +Multia has only one 32 bit PCI slot for expansion, + and it is only suitable for a small form factor PCI + card. By sacrificing the PCI slot space you can mount a + 3.5" hard disk drive. Mounting stuff may have come + with your Multia. Adding a 3.5" disk is not a + recommended upgrade due to the limited power rating of + the power supply and the extremely marginal cooling of + the system box.
+ +Multia also has 2 PCMCIA expansion slots. These are + currently not supported by FreeBSD.
+ +The CPU might or might not be socketed, check this + before considering CPU upgrade hacks. The low-end + Multias have a soldered-in CPU.
+ +Multia has 2 serial ports but routes both of them to + the outside world on a single 25 pin sub-D connector. + The Multia FAQ explains how to build your own Y-cable + to allow both ports to be used.
+ +Although the Multia SRM supports booting from floppy + this can be problematic. Typically the errors look + like:
++ *** Soft Error - Error #10 - FDC: Data overrun or underrun ++ +
This is not a FreeBSD problem, it is a SRM problem. + The best available workaround to install FreeBSD is to + boot from a SCSI CDROM.
+ +There have been reports that you sometimes need to + press Control-Alt-Del to capture + the SRM's attention. I have never seen this myself, but + it is worth trying when you are greeted by a blank + screen after powerup.
+ +Sound works fine using + pcm(4) driver and a + line in the kernel configuration file as follows for + the Crystal CS4231 chip:
++ device pcm0 at isa? port 0x530 irq 9 drq 3 flags 0x15 ++ +
I have not yet been successful in getting my Multia + with the AD1848 to play any sound.
+ +While verifying playback I was reminded of the lack + of CPU power of the 166MHz CPU. MP3 only plays + acceptable using 22kHz down-sampling.
+ +Multias are somewhat notorious for dying of heat + strokes. The very compact box does not really allow + access to cooling air. Please use the Multia on its + vertical stand, don't put it horizontally (``pizza + style''). Replacing the fan with something which pushes + around more air is really recommended. You can also cut + one of the wires to the fan speed sensor. Once cut, the + fan runs at a (loud) full speed. Beware of PCI cards + with high power consumption. If your system has died + you might want to check the Multia-Heat-Death pages at + the NetBSD Web site for help in reviving it.
+ +The Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge enables the use + of an IDE disk. This requires a line in the kernel + configuration file as follows:
++ device ata0 at isa? port IO_WD1 irq 14 ++ +
The IDE connector pin spacing is thought for + 2.5" laptop disks. A 3.5" IDE disk would not + fit in the case anyway. At least not without + sacrificing your only PCI slot. The SRM console + unfortunately does not know how to boot from IDE disks. + You will need to use a SCSI disk as the bootdisk.
+ +In case you want to change the internal hard drive: + the internal flat cable running from the PCI riser + board to the 2.5" hard drive has a finer + pitch than the standard SCSI flat cables. Otherwise it + would not fit on the 2.5" drives. There are also + riser cards that have a standard-pitch SCSI cable + attached to it, which will fit an ordinary SCSI + disk.
+ +Again, I recommend against trying to cram a + replacement hard disk inside. Use the external SCSI + connector and put your disk in an external enclosure. + Multias run hot enough as-is. In most cases you will + have the external high density 50-pin SCSI connector + but some Multia models came without disk and may lack + the connector. Something to check before buying + one.
+ +The kernel configuration file for a Multia kernel + must contain:
++ options DEC_AXPPCI_33 + cpu EV4 ++ +
Recommended reading on Multia can be found at http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/alpha/multiafaq.html + or http://www.brouhaha.com/~eric/computers/udb.html.
+The Miata is a small tower machine intended to be + put under a desk. There are multiple Miata variants. + The original Miata is the MX5 model. Because it suffers + from a number of hardware design flaws a redesign was + done, yielding the MiataGL. Unfortunately the variants + are not easily distinguishable at first sight from the + outside of the case. An easy check is to see if the + back of the machine sports two USB connectors. If yes, + it is a MiataGL. MX5 models tend to be more common in + the used system market place.
+ +System designations look like ``Personal Workstation + 433a''. Personal Workstation, being a bit of a + mouthful, is often abbreviated to PWS. This means it + has a 433 MHz CPU, and started life as a WinNT + workstation (the trailing ``a''). Systems designated + from day 1 to run Tru64 Unix or OpenVMS will sport + ``433au''. WinNT-Miatas are likely to come + pre-configured with an IDE CDROM drive. So, in general + systems are named like PWS[433,500,600]a[u].
+ +There was also a Miata model with a special CPU + cooling system by Kryotech. The Kryotech has a special + cooling system and is housed in a different + enclosure.
+ +Features:
+ +21164A EV56 Alpha CPU at 433, 500 or 600MHz
+21174 Core Logic (``Pyxis'') chip set
+on-board Bcache / L3 cache: 0, 2 or 4 Mbytes + (uses a cache module)
+memory:
+ +bus width: 128 bits wide, ECC protected
+unbuffered 72 bit wide SDRAMs DIMMs, + installed in pairs of 2
+6 DIMM sockets
+maximum memory 1.5 GBytes
+on-board Fast Ethernet:
+ +MX5 uses a 21142 or 21143 Ethernet chip, + dependent on the version of the PCI riser + card
+MiataGL has a 21143 chip
+the bulkhead can be 10/100 Mbit UTP, or 10 + Mbit UTP/BNC
+2 on-board [E]IDE disk interfaces, based on the + CMD646 (MX5) or the Cypress 82C693 (MiataGL)
+1 Ultra-Wide SCSI Qlogic 1040 [MiataGL only]
+2 64-bit PCI slots
+3 32-bit PCI slots (behind a DEC PCI-PCI bridge + chip)
+3 ISA slots (physically shared with the 32 bit + PCI slots, via an Intel 82378IB PCI to ISA bridge + chip)
+2 16550A serial port
+1 parallel port
+PS/2 keyboard & mouse port
+USB interface [MiataGL only]
+embedded sound based on an ESS1888 chip
+The Miata logic is divided into two printed circuit + boards. The lower board in the bottom of the machine + has the PCI and ISA slots and things like the sound + chip etc. The top board has the CPU, the Pyxis chip, + memory etc. Note that MX5 and the MiataGL use a + different PCI riser board. This means that you cannot + just upgrade to a MiataGL CPU board (with the newer + Pyxis chip) but that you will also need a different + riser board. Apparently an MX5 riser with a MiataGL CPU + board will work but it is definitely not a supported or + tested configuration. Everything else (cabinet, wiring, + etc.) is identical for MX5 and MiataGL.
+ +MX5 has problems with DMA via the 2 64-bit PCI slots + when this DMA crosses a page boundary. The 32 bit slots + don't have this problem because the PCI-PCI bridge chip + does not allow the offending transfers. The SRM code + knows about the problem and refuses to start the system + if there is a PCI card in one of the 64bit slots that + it does not know about. Cards that are ``known good'' + to the SRM are allowed to be used in the 64bit + slots.
+ +If you want to fool the SRM you can type set pci_device_override at the + SRM prompt. Just don't complain if your data + mysteriously gets mangled.
+ +The complete command is:
++ >>> SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE <vendor_id><device_id> ++ +
For example:
++ >>> SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE 88c15333 ++ +
The most radical approach is to use:
++ >>> SET PCI_DEVICE_OVERRIDE -1 ++ +
This disables PCI ID checking altogether, so that + you can install any PCI card without its ID getting + checked. For this to work you need a reasonable current + SRM version.
+ +++Important: Do this on your own risk..
+
The FreeBSD kernel reports it when it sees a buggy + Pyxis chip:
++ Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: Pyxis, pass 1 + Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: extended capabilities: 1<BWEN> + Sep 16 18:39:43 miata /kernel: cia0: WARNING: Pyxis pass 1 DMA bug; no bets... ++ +
A MiataGL probes as:
++ Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: cia0: Pyxis, pass 1 + Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: cia0: extended capabilities: 1<BWEN> + Jan 3 12:22:32 miata /kernel: pcib0: <2117x PCI host bus adapter> on cia0 ++ +
MiataGL does not have the DMA problems of the MX5. + PCI cards that make the MX5 SRM choke when installed in + the 64bit slots are accepted without problems by the + MiataGL SRM.
+ +The latest mainboard revisions of MX5 contain a + hardware workaround for the bug. The SRM does not know + about the ECO and will complain about unknown cards as + before. So does the FreeBSD kernel by the way.
+ +The Miata SRM can boot from IDE CDROM drives. IDE + harddisk boot is known to work for both MiataGL and MX5 + disks, so you can root FreeBSD from an IDE disk. Speeds + on MX5 are around 14 Mbytes/sec assuming a suitable + drive. Miata's CMD646 chip will support up to WDMA2 + mode as the chip is too buggy for use with UDMA.
+ +Miata MX5s generally use Qlogic 1040 based SCSI + adapters. These are bootable by the SRM console. Note + that Adaptec cards are not bootable by the Miata SRM + console.
+ +The MiataGL has a faster PCI-PCI bridge chip on the + PCI riser card than some of the MX5 riser card + versions. Some of the MX5 risers have the same chip as + the MiataGL. All in all there is a lot of + variation.
+ +Not all VGA cards will work behind the PCI-PCI + bridge. This manifests itself as no video at all. + Workaround is to put the VGA card ``before'' the + bridge, in one of the 64 bit PCI slots.
+ +Both MX5 and MiataGL have an on-board sound chip, an + ESS1888. It emulates a SoundBlaster and can be enabled + by putting
++ device pcm0 + device sbc0 ++ +
in your kernel configuration file:
+ +in case your Miata has the optional cache board + installed make sure it is firmly seated. A slightly + loose cache has been observed to cause weird crashes + (not surprising obviously, but maybe not so obvious + when troubleshooting). The cache module is identical + between MX5 and MiataGL.
+ +Installing a 2Mb cache module achieves, apart from a + 10-15% speed increase (based on buildworld elapsed + time), a decrease for PCI DMA read + bandwidth from 64bit PCI cards. A benchmark on a 64-bit + Myrinet card resulted in a decrease from 149 Mbytes/sec + to 115 Mbytes/sec. Something to keep in mind when doing + really high speed things with 64 bit PCI adapters.
+ +If you experience SRM errors like
++ ERROR: scancode 0xa3 not supported on PCXAL ++ +
after halting FreeBSD you should update your SRM + firmware to V7.2-1 or later. This SRM version is first + available on the Firmware Update CD V5.7, or on http://www.compaq.com/ This SRM problem is + fixed on both Miata MX5 and Miata GL.
+ +USB is supported by FreeBSD 4.1 and later.
+ +Disconnect the power cord before dismantling the + machine, the soft-power switch keeps part of the logic + powered even when the machine is switched + off.
+ +The kernel configuration file for a Miata kernel + must contain:
++ options DEC_ST550 + cpu EV5 ++
The DEC3000 series were among the first Alpha + machines ever produced. They are based on an I/O bus + called the TurboChannel (TC) bus. These machines are + built like tanks (watch your back).
+ +DEC3000 can be subdivided in DEC3000/500-class and + DEC3000/300-class. The DEC3000/500-class is the early + high-end workstation/server Alpha family. Servers use + serial consoles, workstations have graphics tubes. + DEC3000/300-class is the lower-cost workstation + class.
+ +DEC3000/500-class are quite fast (considering their + age) thanks to the good memory design. DEC3000/300 is + crippled compared to DEC3000/500 because of its much + narrower memory bus.
+ +They are called ``Birds'' because their internal DEC + code names were bird names:
+ +| + DEC3000/400 | + ++ Sandpiper | + ++ 133MHz CPU, desktop | +
| + DEC3000/500 | + ++ Flamingo | + ++ 150MHz CPU, floor standing | +
| + DEC3000/500X | + +Hot + Pink | + ++ 200MHz CPU, floor standing | +
| + DEC3000/600 | + ++ Sandpiper+ | + ++ 175MHz CPU, desktop | +
| + DEC3000/700 | + ++ Sandpiper45 | + ++ 225MHz CPU, floor standing | +
| + DEC3000/800 | + ++ Flamingo Ultra | + ++ 200MHz CPU, floor standing | +
| + DEC3000/900 | + ++ Flamingo45 | + ++ 275MHz CPU, floor standing | +
| + DEC3000/300 | + ++ Pelican | + ++ 150MHz CPU, desktop, 2 TC slots | +
| + DEC3000/300X | + ++ Pelican+ | + ++ 175MHz CPU, desktop, 2 TC slots | +
| + DEC3000/300LX | + ++ Pelican+ | + ++ 125MHz CPU, desktop, 2 TC slots | +
| + DEC3000/300L | + ++ | + ++ 100MHz CPU, desktop, no TC slots | +
Features:
+ +21064 CPU (100 to 200 MHz) or 21064A CPU (225 to + 275 MHz)
+memory DEC3000/500 class:
+ +bus width: 256 bit, with ECC
+proprietary 100pin SIMMs
+installed in sets of 8
+memory DEC3000/300 class:
+ +bus width: 64 bit, with ECC
+PS/2 style 72pin 36 bit FPM SIMMs 70ns or + better
+used in pairs of 2
+Bcache / L2 cache: varying sizes, 512 kB to 2 + Mbyte
+built-in 10Mbit Ethernet based on a Lance 7990 + chip, AUI and UTP
+one or two SCSI buses based on a NCR53C94 or a + NCR53CF94-2 chip
+2 serial ports based on Zilog 8530 (one usable + as a serial console)
+embedded ISDN interface
+on-board 8 bit sound
+8 bit graphics on-board or via a TC card + (depending on model)
+Currently DEC3000 machines can only be used diskless + on FreeBSD. The reason for this is that the SCSI + drivers needed for the TC SCSI adapters were not + brought into CAM that the recent FreeBSD versions use. + TC option cards for single (PMAZ-A) or dual fast SCSI + (PMAZC-AA) are also available. These cards currently + have no drivers on FreeBSD either.
+ ++ +
DEC3000/300 has 5 MBytes/sec SCSI on-board. This bus + is used for both internal and external devices. + DEC3000/500 has 2 SCSI buses. One is for internal + devices only, the other one is for external devices + only.
+ ++ +
Floppy devices found in the DEC3000s are attached to + the SCSI bus (via a bridge card). This makes it + possible to boot from them using the same device names + as ordinary SCSI hard-disks, for example:
++ >>> BOOT DKA300 ++ +
The 3000/300 series has a half-speed TurboChannel + compared to the other 3000 machines. Some TC expansion + cards have troubles with the half-speed bus. Caveat + emptor.
+ +The embedded ISDN interface is not supported on + FreeBSD.
+ +DEC3000/300-class uses standard 36 bit, 72 pin Fast + Page Mode SIMMs. EDO SIMMs, 32 or 33 bit SIMMs all will + not work in Pelicans. For 32Mbyte SIMMs to work on the + DEC3000/300-class the presence detect bits/pins of the + SIMM must correspond to what the machine expects. If + they don't, the SIMM is ``seen'' as a 8 Mbyte SIMM. 8 + Mbyte and 32 Mbyte SIMMs can be mixed, as long as the + pairs themselves are identical.
+ +When you find yourself in need of fixing 32Mbyte + SIMMs that lack correct presence bits the following + info might be of use:
+ +There are four presence detection bits on PS/2 + SIMMs. Two of the bits indicate the access time. The + other two indicate the memory size.
+ +At one end of the SIMM there are two rows of four + solder pads. One row is connected to Vss (GND) and the + other is connected to pins 67 (PRD1), 68 (PRD2), 69 + (PRD3), 70 (PRD4).
+ +If you bridge a pair of pads with a small resistor + or a drop of solder you ground that particular bit.
+ +| + PRD1 | + ++ PRD2 | + ++ Memory Size | +
|---|---|---|
| + GND | + ++ GND | + +4 or + 64 Mbyte | +
| + Open | + ++ GND | + +2 or + 32 Mbyte | +
| + GND | + ++ Open | + +1 or + 16 Mbyte | +
| + Open | + ++ Open | + +8 + Mbyte | +
| + PRD3 | + ++ PRD4 | + ++ Access Time | +
|---|---|---|
| + GND | + ++ GND | + +50 or + 100 nsec | +
| + Open | + ++ GND | + +80 + nsec | +
| + GND | + ++ Open | + +70 + nsec | +
| + Open | + ++ Open | + +60 + nsec | +
DEC3000/500-class can use 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 Mbyte + 100pin SIMMs. Note that the maximum memory size varies + from system to system, desktop machines have sacrificed + box size for less memory SIMM sockets. Given enough + sockets and enough SIMMs you can get to 512 Mbytes + maximum. This is one of the main differences between + floor standing and desktop machines, the latter have + far less SIMM sockets.
+ +The sound hardware is not supported on any of the + Birds.
+ +There is no X-Windows version available for the TC + machines. DEC3000/300 needs a serial console. + DEC3000/500-class might work with a graphical console. + I ran mine with a serial console so I cannot verify + this.
+ +Birds can be obtained from surplus sales etc. As + they are not PCI based they are no longer actively + maintained. TC expansion boards can be difficult to + obtain these days and support for them is not too good + unless you write/debug the code yourself. Programming + information for TC boards is hard to find. Birds are + recommended only if a. you can get them cheap and b. if + you prepared to work on the code to support them + better.
+ +For the DEC3000/[4-9]00 series machines the kernel + config file must contain:
++ options DEC_3000_500 + cpu EV4 ++ +
For the DEC3000/300 (``Pelican'') machines the + kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_3000_300 + cpu EV4 ++
In its attempts to popularize the Alpha CPU DEC + produced a number of so called Evaluation Boards. + Members of this family are EB64, EB64+, AlphaPC64 + (codename ``Cabriolet''). A non-DEC member of this + family is the Aspen Alpine. The EB64 family of + evaluation boards has the following feature set:
+ +21064 or 21064A CPU, 150 to 275 MHz
+memory:
+ +memory buswidth: 128 bit
+PS/2 style 72 pin 33 bit Fast Page Mode + SIMMs
+70ns or better
+installed in sets of 4
+8 SIMM sockets
+uses parity memory
+Bcache / L2 cache: 0, 512 kByte, 1 Mbyte or 2 + Mbytes
+21072 (``APECS'') chip set
+Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge chip + (``Saturn'')
+dual 16550A serial ports
+parallel printer port
+Symbios 53C810 Fast-SCSI (not on AlphaPC64)
+IDE interface (only on AlphaPC64)
+embedded 10 Mbit Ethernet (not on AlphaPC64)
+2 PCI slots (4 slots on AlphaPC64)
+3 ISA slots
+Aspen Alpine is slightly different, but is close + enough to the EB64+ to run an EB64+ SRM EPROM (mine + did..). The Aspen Alpine does not have an embedded + Ethernet, has 3 instead of 2 PCI slots. It comes with 2 + Mbytes of cache already soldered onto the mainboard. It + has jumpers to select the use of 60, 70 or 80ns SIMM + speeds.
+ +36 bits SIMMs work fine, 3 bits simply remain + unused. Note the systems use Fast Page Mode memory, not + EDO memory.
+ +The EB64+ SRM console code is housed in an + UV-erasable EPROM. No easy flash SRM upgrades for the + EB64+ The latest SRM version available for EB64+ is + quite ancient anyway.
+ +The EB64+ SRM can boot both 53C810 and Qlogic1040 + SCSI adapters. Pitfall for the Qlogic is that the + firmware that is down-loaded by the SRM onto the Qlogic + chip is very old. There are no updates for the EB64+ + SRM available. So you are stuck with old Qlogic bits + too. I have had quite some problems when I wanted to + use Ultra-SCSI drives on the Alpine with Qlogic. The + FreeBSD kernel can be compiled to include a much newer + Qlogic firmware revision. This is not the default + because it adds hundreds of kBytes worth of bloat to + the kernel. In FreeBSD 4.1 and later the isp firmware + is contained in a kernel loadable module. All of this + might mean that you need to use a non-Qlogic adapter to + boot from.
+ +AlphaPC64 boards generally come with ARC console + firmware. SRM console code can be loaded from floppy + into the Flash ROM.
+ +The IDE interface of the AlphaPC64 is not bootable + from the SRM console.
+ +Note that the boards require a power supply that + supplies 3.3 Volts for the CPU.
+ +For the EB64 family machines the kernel config file + must contain:
++ options DEC_EB64PLUS + cpu EV4 ++
EB164 is a newer design evaluation board, based on + the 21164A CPU. This design has been used to ``spin + off'' multiple variations, some of which are used by + OEM manufacturers/assembly shops. Samsung did its own + PC164LX which has only 32 bit PCI, whereas the Digital + variant has 64 bit PCI.
+ +21164A, multiple speed variants [EB164, PC164, + PC164LX]
+21164PC [only on PC164SX]
+21174 (Alcor) chip set
+Bcache / L3 cache: EB164 uses special + cache-SIMMs
+memory bus: 128 bit / 256 bit
+memory:
+ +PS/2 style SIMMs in sets of 4 or 8
+36 bit, Fast Page Mode, uses ECC, [EB164 / + PC164]
+SDRAM DIMMs in sets of 2, uses ECC [PC164SX + / PC164LX]
+2 16550A serial ports
+PS/2 style keyboard & mouse
+floppy controller
+parallel port
+32 bits PCI
+64 bits PCI [some models]
+ISA slots via an Intel 82378ZB PCI to ISA bridge + chip
+Using 8 SIMMs for a 256bit wide memory can yield + interesting speedups over a 4 SIMM/128bit wide memory. + Obviously all 8 SIMMs must be of the same type to make + this work. The system must be explicitly setup to use + the 8 SIMM memory arrangement. You must have 8 SIMMs, 4 + SIMMs distributed over 2 banks will not work.
+ +The SRM can boot from Qlogic 10xx boards or the + Symbios 53C810[A]. Newer Symbios 810 revisions like the + Symbios 810AE are not recognized by the SRM on PC164. + PC164 SRM does not appear to recognize a Symbios 53C895 + based host adapter (tested with a Tekram DC-390U2W). On + the other hand some no-name Symbios 53C985 board has + been reported to work. Cards like the Tekram DC-390F + (Symbios875 based) have been confirmed to work fine on + the PC164. Unfortunately this seems to be dependent on + the actual version of the chip/board.
+ +Symbios 53C825[a] will also work as boot adapter. + Diamond FirePort, although based on Symbios chips, is + not bootable by the PC164SX SRM. PC164SX is reported to + boot fine with Symbios825, Symbios875 and Symbios876 + based cards. In addition, Adaptec 2940U and 2940UW are + reported to work for booting (verified on SRM V5.7-1). + Adaptec 2930U2 and 2940U2[W] do not work.
+ +164LX and 164SX with SRM firmware version 5.8 or + later can boot from Adaptec 2940-series adapters.
+ +In summary: this family of machines is ``blessed'' + with a challenging compatibility as far as SCSI + adapters go.
+ +On PC164 the SRM sometimes seems to loose its + variable settings. ``For PC164, current superstition + says that, to avoid losing settings, you want to first + downgrade to SRM 4.x and then upgrade to 5.x.'' One + sample error that was observed was:
++ ERROR: ISA table corrupt! ++ +
A sequence of a downgrade to SRM4.9, an
++ >>> ISACFG -INIT ++ +
followed by
++ >>> INIT ++ +
made the problem go away. Some PC164 owners report + they have never seen the problem.
+ +On PC164SX the AlphaBIOS allows you a selection to + select SRM to be used as console on the next power up. + This selection does not appear to have any effect. In + other words, you will get the AlphaBIOS regardless of + what you select. The fix is to reflash the console ROM + with the SRM code for PC164SX. This will overwrite the + AlphaBIOS and will get you the SRM console you desire. + The SRM code can be found on the Compaq Web site.
+ +164LX can either have the SRM console code or the + AlphaBIOS code in it's flash ROM because the flash ROM + is too small to hold both at the same time.
+ +PC164 can boot from IDE disks assuming your SRM + version is recent enough.
+ +EB164 needs a power supply that supplies 3.3 Volts. + PC164 does not implement the PS_ON signal that ATX + power supplies need to switch on. A simple switch + pulling this signal to ground allows you to run a + standard ATX power supply.
+ +For the EB164 class machines the kernel config file + must contain:
++ options DEC_EB164 + cpu EV5 ++
The Digital AlphaStation 200 and 400 series systems + are early low end PCI based workstations. The 200 and + 250 series are desktop boxes, the 400 series is a + desk-side mini-tower.
+ +Features:
+ +21064 or 21064A CPU at speeds of 166 up to 333 + MHz
+DECchip 21071-AA core logic chip-set
+Bcache / L2 cache: 512 Kbytes (200 and 400 + series) or 2048KBytes (250 series)
+memory:
+ +64 bit bus width
+8 to 384 MBytes of RAM
+70 ns or better Fast Page DRAM
+in three pairs (200 and 400 series)
+in two quads, so banks of four. (250 + series)
+the memory subsystem uses parity
+PS/2 keyboard and mouse port
+two 16550 serial ports
+parallel port
+floppy disk interface
+32 bit PCI expansion slots (3 for the + AS400-series, 2 for the AS200 & 250-series)
+ISA expansion slots (4 for the AS400-series, 2 + for the AS200 & 250-series) (some ISA/PCI slots + are physically shared)
+embedded 21040-based Ethernet (200 & 250 + series)
+embedded Symbios 53c810 Fast SCSI-2 chip
+Intel 82378IB (``Saturn'') PCI-ISA bridge + chip
+graphics is embedded TGA or PCI VGA (model + dependent)
+16 bit sound (on 200 & 250 series)
+The systems use parity memory SIMMs, but these do + not need 36 bit wide SIMMs. 33 bit wide SIMMs are + sufficient, 36 bit SIMMs are acceptable too. EDO or 32 + bit SIMMs will not work. 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 Mbyte + SIMMs are supported.
+ +The AS200 & AS250 sound hardware is reported to + work OK assuming you have the following line in your + kernel config file:
++ device pcm0 at isa? port 0x530 irq 9 drq 0 flags 0x10011 ++ +
AlphaStation 200 & 250 series have an automatic + SCSI terminator. This means that as soon as you plug a + cable onto the external SCSI connector the internal + terminator of the system is disabled. It also means + that you should not leave unterminated cables plugged + into the machine.
+ +AlphaStation 400 series have an SRM variable that + controls termination. In case you have external SCSI + devices connected you must set this SRM variable + using
++ >>> SET CONTROL_SCSI_TERM EXTERNAL. ++ +
If only internal SCSI devices are present use:
++ >>> SET CONTROL_SCSI_TERM INTERNAL ++ +
For the AlphaStation-[24][05]00 machines the kernel + config file must contain:
++ options DEC_2100_A50 + cpu EV4 ++
AS500 and 600 were the high-end EV5 / PCI based + workstations. EV6 based machines have in the meantime + taken their place as front runners. AS500 is a desktop + in a dark blue case (TopGun blue), AS600 is a sturdy + desk-side box. AS600 has a nice LCD panel to observe + the early stages of SRM startup.
+ +Features:
+ +21164 EV5 CPU at 266, 300, 333, 366, 400, 433, + 466, or 500 MHz (AS500) or at 266, 300 or 333 MHz + (AS600)
+ + +21171 or 21172 (Alcor) core logic chip-set
+Cache:
+ +2 or 4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 266 MHz)
+4 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600 at 300 MHz)
+2 or 8 Mb L3 / Bcache (8 Mb on 500 MHz + version only)
+2 to 16 Mb L3 / Bcache (AS600; 3 cache-SIMM + slots)
+memory buswidth: 256 bits
+AS500 memory:
+ +industry standard 72 bit wide buffered + DIMMs
+8 DIMM slots
+installed in sets of 4
+maximum memory is 1 GB (512 Mb max on 333 + MHz CPUs)
+uses ECC
+AS600 memory:
+ +industry standard 36 bit Fast Page Mode + SIMMs
+32 SIMM slots
+installed in sets of 8
+maximum memory is 1 GB
+uses ECC
+Qlogic 1020 based wide SCSI bus (1 bus/chip for + AS500, 2 buses/chip for AS600)
+21040 based 10 Mbit Ethernet adapter, both + Thinwire and UTP connectors
+expansion:
+ +AS500:
+ +3 32-bit PCI slots
+1 64-bit PCI slot
+AS600:
+ +2 32-bit PCI slot
+3 64-bit PCI slots
+1 PCI/EISA physically shared slot
+3 EISA slots
+1 PCI and 1 EISA slot are occupied by + default
+21050 PCI-to-PCI bridge chip
+Intel 82375EB PCI-EISA bridge (AS600 only)
+2 16550A serial ports
+1 parallel port
+16 bit audio Windows Sound System, in a + dedicated slot (AS500) in EISA slot (AS600, this is + an ISA card)
+PS/2 keyboard and mouse port
+Early machines had Fast SCSI interfaces, later ones + are Ultra SCSI capable. AS500 shares its single SCSI + bus with internal and external devices. For a Fast SCSI + bus you are limited to 1.8 meters bus length external + to the box. +++ This is what some DEC docs suggest. Did + they ever go UltraSCSI?
+ +AS600 has one Qlogic SCSI chip dedicated to the + internal devices whereas the other Qlogic SCSI chip is + dedicated to external SCSI devices.
+ +In AS500 DIMMs are installed in sets of 4, in + ``physically interleaved'' layout. So, a bank of 4 + DIMMs is not 4 physically adjacent + DIMMs.
+ +In AS600 the memory SIMMs are placed onto two memory + daughter cards. SIMMs are installed in sets of 8. Both + memory daughter cards must be populated + identically.
+ +AS600 has a peculiarity for its PCI slots. AS600 (or + rather the PCI expansion card containing the SCSI + adapters) does not allow I/O port mapping, therefore + all devices behind it must use memory mapping. If you + have problems getting the Qlogic SCSI adapters to work, + add the following option to /boot/loader.rc:
++ set isp_mem_map=0xff ++ +
This may need to be typed at the boot loader prompt + before booting the installation kernel.
+ +For the AlphaStation-[56]00 machines the kernel + config file must contain:
++ options DEC_KN20AA + cpu EV5 ++
The AlphaServer 1000 and 800 range of machines are + intended as departmental servers. They come in quite + some variations in packaging and mainboard/cpu. + Generally speaking there are 21064 (EV4) CPU based + machines and 21164 (EV5) based ones. The CPU is on a + daughter card, and the type of CPU (EV4 or EV5) must + match the mainboard in use.
+ +AlphaServer 800 has a much smaller mini tower case, + it lacks the StorageWorks SCSI hot-plug chassis. The + main difference between AS1000 and AS1000A is that + AS1000A has 7 PCI slots whereas AS1000 only has 3 PCI + slots and has EISA slots instead.
+ +AS800 with an EV5/400 MHz CPU was later re-branded + to become a ``DIGITAL Server 3300[R]'', AS800 with an + EV5/500 MHz CPU was later re-branded to become a + ``DIGITAL Server 3305[R]''.
+ +Features:
+ +21064 EV4[5] CPU at 200, 233 or 266 MHz 21164 + EV5[6] CPU at 300, 333 or 400 MHz (or 500 MHz for + AS800 only)
+memory:
+ +buswidth: 128 bit with ECC
+AS1000[A]:
+ +72pin 36 bit Fast Page Mode SIMMs, 70ns + or better
+16 (EV5 machines) or 20 (EV4 machines) + SIMM slots
+max memory is 1 GB
+uses ECC
+AS800: Uses 60ns 3.3 Volts EDO DIMMs
+embedded VGA (on some mainboard models)
+3 PCI, 2 EISA, 1 64-bit PCI/EISA combo + (AS800)
+7 PCI, 2 EISA (AS1000A)
+2 PCI, 1 EISA/PCI, 7 EISA (AS1000)
+embedded SCSI based on Symbios 810 [AS1000] or + Qlogic 1020 [AS1000A]
+AS1000 based machines come in multiple enclosure + types. Floor standing, rack-mount, with or without + StorageWorks SCSI chassis etc. The electronics are the + same.
+ +AS1000-systems: All EV4 based machines use standard + PS/2 style 36 bit 72pin SIMMs in sets of 5. The fifth + SIMM is used for ECC. All EV5 based machines use + standard PS/2 style 36 bit 72pin SIMMs in sets of 4. + The ECC is done based on the 4 extra bits per SIMM (4 + bits out of 36). The EV5 mainboards have 16 SIMM slots, + the EV4 mainboards have 20 slots.
+ +AS800 machines use DIMMs in sets of 4. DIMM + installation must start in slots marked bank 0. A bank + is four physically adjacent slots. The biggest size + DIMMs must be installed in bank 0 in case 2 banks of + different DIMM sizes are used. Max memory size is 2GB. + Note that these are EDO DIMMs.
+ +The AS1000/800 are somewhat stubborn when it comes + to serial consoles. They need
++ >>> SET CONSOLE SERIAL ++ +
before they go for a serial console. Pulling the + keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is + on most other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical + console needs
++ >>> SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS ++ +
at the serial console.
+ +For AS800 you want to check if your Ultra-Wide SCSI + is indeed in Ultra mode. This can be done using the EEROMCFG.EXE utility that is on + the Console Firmware Upgrade CDROM.
+ +For the AlphaServer1000/1000A/800 machines the + kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_1000A + cpu EV4 # depends on the CPU model installed + cpu EV5 # depends on the CPU model installed ++
Webbrick and Monet are high performance + workstations/servers based on the EV6 CPU and the + Tsunami chipset. Tsunami is also used in much + higher-end systems and as such has plenty of + performance to offer. DS10, VS10 and XP900 are + different names for essentially the same system. The + differences are the software and options that are + supported. DS10L is a DS10 based machine in a 1U high + rackmount enclosure. DS10L is intended for ISPs and for + HPTC clusters (e.g. Beowulf)
+ +21264 EV6 CPU at 466 MHz
+L2 / Bcache: 2MB, ECC protected
+memory bus: 128 bit via crossbar, 1.3GB/sec + memory bandwith
+memory:
+ +industry standard 200 pin 83 MHz buffered + ECC SDRAM DIMMs
+4 DIMM slots for DS10; 2GB max memory
+2 DIMM slots for DS10L; 1GB max memory
+DIMMs are installed in pairs of 2
+21271 Core Logic chipset (``Tsunami'')
+2 on-board 21143 Fast Ethernet controllers
+AcerLabs M5237 (Aladdin-V) USB controller + (disabled)
+AcerLabs M1533 PCI-ISA bridge
+AcerLabs Aladdin ATA-33 controller
+embedded dual EIDE
+expansion: 3 64-bit PCI slots and 1 32-bit PCI + slot. DS10L has a single 64bit PCI slot
+2 16550A serial ports
+1 parallel port
+2 USB
+PS/2 keyboard & mouse port
+The system has a smart power controller. This + means that parts of the system remain powered when it + is switched off (like an ATX-style PC power supply). + Before servicing the machine remove the power + cord.
+ +The smart power controller is called the RMC. When + enabled, typing EscapeEscapeRMC on serial port 1 will bring + you to the RMC prompt. RMC allows you to powerup or + powerdown, reset the machine, monitor and set + temperature trip levels etc. RMC has its own builtin + help.
+ +Webbrick is shipped in a desktop-style case + similar to the older 21164 ``Maverick'' workstations + but this case offers much better access to the + components. If you intend to build a farm you can + rackmount them in a 19-inch rack; they are 3U high. + Slate is 1U high but has only one PCI slot.
+ +DS10 has 4 DIMM slots. DIMMs are installed as + pairs. Please note that DIMM pairs are not installed + in adjacent DIMM sockets but rather physically + interleaved. DIMM sizes of 32, 64, 128, 256 and 512 + Mbytes are supported.
+ +When 2 pairs of identical-sized DIMMs are + installed DS10 will use memory interleaving for + increased performance. DS10L, which has only 2 DIMM + slots cannot do interleaving.
+ +Starting with SRM firmware version 5.9 you can + boot from Adaptec 2940-series adapters in addition to + the usual set of Qlogic and Symbios/NCR adapters.
+ +The base model comes with a FUJITSU 9.5GB ATA disk + as its boot device. FreeBSD works just fine using + EIDE disks on Webbrick. DS10 has 2 IDE interfaces on + the mainboard. Machines destined for Tru64 Unix or + VMS are standard equipped with Qlogic-driven + Ultra-SCSI disks
+ +On the PCI bus 32 and 64 bit cards are supported, + in 3.3V and 5V variants.
+ +The USB ports are not supported and are disabled + by the SRM console in all recent SRM versions.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_ST6600 + cpu EV5 ++ +
++Note: Contrary to expectation there is + no cpu EV6 defined for + inclusion in the kernel config file. The cpu EV5 is mandatory to keep + + config(8) + happy.
+
21264 EV6 at 500 MHz 21264 EV67 at 500 or 667 + MHz (XP1000G, codenamed Brisbane) CPU is mounted + on a daughter-card which is field-upgradable
+L2 / Bcache: 4MB, ECC protected
+memory bus: 256 bit
+memory: 128 or 256 Mbytes 100 MHz (PC100) 168 + pin JEDEC standard, registered ECC SDRAM + DIMMs
+21271 Core Logic chip-set (``Tsunami'')
+1 on-board 21143 Ethernet controller
+Cypress 82C693 USB controller
+Cypress 82C693 PCI-ISA bridge
+Cypress 82C693 controller
+expansion: 2 independent PCI buses, driven by + high-speed I/O channels called ``hoses'':
+ +hose 0: (the upper 3 slots) 2 64-bit PCI + slots 1 32-bit PCI slot
+hose 1: (the bottom 2 slots) 2 32-bit PCI + slots (behind a 21154 PCI-PCI bridge)
+2 of the 64-bit PCI slots are for + full-length cards
+all of the 32-bit PCI slots are for short + cards
+1 of the 32-bit PCI slots is physically + shared with an ISA slot
+all PCI slots run at 33MHz
+1 Ultra-Wide SCSI port based on a Qlogic 1040 + chip
+2 16550A serial port
+1 parallel port
+PS/2 keyboard & mouse port
+embedded 16-bit ESS ES1888 sound chip
+2 USB ports
+graphics options: ELSA Gloria Synergy or + DEC/Compaq PowerStorm 3D accelerator cards
+Monet is housed in a mini-tower like enclosure + quite similar to the Miata box.
+ +The on-board Qlogic UW-SCSI chip supports up to 4 + internal devices. There is no external connector for + the on-board SCSI.
+ +For 500 MHz CPUs 83 MHz DIMMs will do. Compaq + specifies PC100 DIMMs for all CPU speeds. DIMMs are + installed in sets of 4, starting with the DIMM slots + marked ``0'' Memory capacity is max 4 GB. DIMMs are + installed ``physically interleaved'', note the + markings of the slots. Memory bandwidth of Monet is + twice that of Webbrick. The DIMMs live on the CPU + daughter-card. Note that the system uses ECC RAM so + you need DIMMs with 72 bits (not the generic PC-class + 64 bit DIMMs)
+ +The EIDE interface is usable / SRM bootable so + FreeBSD can be rooted on an EIDE disk. Although the + Cypress chip has potential for 2 EIDE channels Monet + uses only one of them.
+ +The USB interface is supported by FreeBSD.If you + experience problems trying to use the USB interface + please check if the SRM variable usb_enable is set to on. You can change this by + performing:
++ >>> SET USB_ENABLE ON ++ +
++Important: Don"t try to use + Symbios-chip based SCSI adapters in the PCI slots + connected to hose 1. There is a not-yet-found + FreeBSD bug that prevents this from working + correctly.
+
++Important: Not all VGA cards will work + behind the PCI-PCI bridge (so in slots 4 and 5). + Only cards that implement VGA-legacy addressing + correctly will work. Workaround is to put the VGA + card ``before'' the bridge.
+
The sound chip is not currently supported with + FreeBSD.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_ST6600 + cpu EV5 ++ +
++Note: Contrary to expectation there is + no cpu EV6 defined for + inclusion in the kernel config file. The cpu EV5 is mandatory to keep + + config(8) + happy.
+
Features:
+ +21264 EV6 CPU at 500 or 670 MHz
+dual CPU capable machine
+L2 / Bcache: 4 Mbytes per CPU
+memory bus: dual 256 bit wide with crossbar + switch
+memory:
+ +SDRAM DIMMs
+installed in sets of 4
+16 DIMM slots, max. 4GB
+uses ECC
+21271 Core Logic chip-set (``Tsunami'')
+embedded Adaptec ? Wide Ultra SCSI
+expansion:
+ +2 independent PCI buses, driven by + high-speed I/O channels called ``hoses''
+6 64-bit PCI slots, 3 per hose
+1 ISA slot
+DS20 needs
++ >>> SET CONSOLE SERIAL ++ +
before it goes for a serial console. Pulling the + keyboard from the machine is not sufficient. Going back + to a graphical console needs
++ >>> SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS ++ +
at the serial console. Confusing is the fact that + you will get SRM console output on the graphics console + with the console set to serial, but when FreeBSD boots + it honors the CONSOLE variable + setting and all the boot messages as well as the login + prompt will go to the serial port.
+ +The DS20 is housed in a fat cube-like enclosure. The + enclosure also contains a StorageWorks SCSI hot-swap + shelf for a maximum of seven 3.5" SCSI devices. + The DS20E is in a sleeker case, and lacks the + StorageWorks shelf.
+ +The system has a smart power controller. This means + that parts of the system remain powered when it is + switched off (like an ATX-style PC power supply). + Before servicing the machine remove the power + cord(s).
+ +The smart power controller is called the RMC. When + enabled, typing EscapeEscapeRMC on serial port 1 will bring you + to the RMC prompt. RMC allows you to powerup or + powerdown, reset the machine, monitor and set + temperature trip levels etc. RMC has its own builtin + help.
+ +The embedded Adaptec SCSI chip on the DS20 is + disabled and is therefore not usable under FreeBSD.
+ +Starting with SRM firmware version 5.9 you can boot + from Adaptec 2940-series adapters in addition to the + usual set of Qlogic and Symbios/NCR adapters. This + unfortunately does not include the embedded Adaptec + SCSI chips.
+ +If you are using banks of DIMMs of different sizes + the biggest DIMMs should be installed in the DIMM slots + marked 0 on the mainboard. The + DIMM slots should be filled ``in order'' so after bank + 0 install in bank 1 and so on.
+ +Don't try to use Symbios-chip based SCSI adapters in + the PCI slots connected to hose 1. There is a + not-yet-found FreeBSD bug that prevents this from + working correctly. DS20 ships by default with a Symbios + on hose 1 so you have to move this card before you can + install/boot FreeBSD on it.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_ST6600 + cpu EV5 ++ +
++Note: Contrary to expectation there is no + cpu EV6 defined for + inclusion in the kernel config file. The cpu EV5 is mandatory to keep + config(8) + happy.
+
UP2000 is built by Alpha Processor Inc.
+ +Features:
+ +21264 EV6 CPU at 670 MHz
+dual CPU capable
+L2 / Bcache: 4 Mbytes per CPU
+memory bus: 256 bit
+memory: SDRAM DIMMs installed in sets of 4, uses + ECC, 16 DIMM slots, max. 4GB
+21272 Core Logic chip-set (``Tsunami'')
+embedded Adaptec AIC7890/91 Wide Ultra SCSI
+2 embedded IDE based on Cypress 82C693 chips
+embedded USB via Cypress 82C693
+expansion:
+ +2 independent PCI buses, driven by + high-speed I/O channels called ``hoses''
+6 64-bit PCI slots, 3 per hose
+1 ISA slot
+Currently a maximum of 2GB memory is supported by + FreeBSD.
+ +The on-board Adaptec is not bootable but works with + FreeBSD 4.0 and later as a datadisk-only SCSI bus.
+ +Busmaster DMA is supported on the first IDE + interface only.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_ST6600 + cpu EV5 ++ +
++Note: Contrary to expectation there is no + cpu EV6 defined for + inclusion in the kernel config file. The cpu EV5 is mandatory to keep + config(8) + happy.
+
The AlphaServer 2[01]00 machines are intended as + departmental servers. This is medium iron. They are + multi-CPU machines, up to 2 CPUs (AS2000) or 4 CPUs + (2100[A]) can be installed. Both floor-standing and + 19" rackmount boxes exist. Rackmount variations + have different numbers of I/O expansion slots, + different max number of CPUs and different maximum + memory size. Some of the boxes come with an integral + StorageWorks shelf to house hot-swap SCSI disks. There + was an upgrade program available to convert your Sable + machine into a Lynx by swapping the I/O backplane (the + C-bus backplane remains). CPU upgrades were available + as well.
+ +21064 EV4[5] CPU[s] at 200, 233, 275 MHz or + 21164 EV5[6] CPU[s]s at 250, 300, 375, 400 MHz
+cache: varies in size with the CPU model; 1, 4 + or 8Mbyte per CPU
+embedded floppy controller driving a 2.88 Mbytes + drive
+embedded 10Mbit 21040 Ethernet [AS2100 only]
+2 serial ports
+1 parallel port
+PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port
+The CPUs spec-ed as 200 MHz are in reality running + at 190 MHz. Maximum number of CPUs is 4. All CPUs must + be of the same type/speed.
+ +If any of the processors are ever marked as failed, + they will remain marked as failed even after they have + been replaced (or reseated) until you issue the + command
++ >>> CLEAR_ERROR ALL ++ +
on the SRM console and power-cycle the machine. This + may be true for other modules (IO and memory) as well, + but it has not been verified.
+ +The machines use dedicated memory boards. These + boards live on a 128 bit C-bus shared with the CPU + boards. DemiSable supports up to 1GB, Sable up to 2GB. + One of the memory bus slots can either hold a CPU or a + memory card. A 4 CPU machine can have a maximum of 2 + memory boards.
+ +Some memory board models house SIMMs. These are + called SIMM carriers. There are also memory modules + that have soldered-on memory chips instead of SIMMs. + These are called ``flat memory modules''.
+ +SIMM boards are used in sets of eight 72-pin 36 bit + FPM memory of 70ns or faster. SIMM types supported are + 1Mb x36 bit (4 Mbyte) and 4Mb x36 bit (16 Mbyte). Each + memory board can house 4 banks of SIMMs. SIMM sizes can + not be mixed on a single memory board. The first memory + module must be filled with SIMMs before starting to + fill the next memory module. Note that the spacing + between the slots is not that big, so make sure your + SIMMs fit physically (before buying them..)
+ +Both Lynx and Sable are somewhat stubborn when it + comes to serial consoles. They need
++ >>> SET CONSOLE SERIAL ++ +
before they go for a serial console. Pulling the + keyboard from the machine is not sufficient, like it is + on many other Alpha models. Going back to a graphical + console needs
++ >>> SET CONSOLE GRAPHICS ++ +
at the serial console. On Lynx keep the VGA card in + one of the primary PCI slots. EISA VGA cards are not + slot sensitive.
+ +The machines are equipped with a small OCP (Operator + Control Panel) LCD screen. On this screen the self-test + messages are displayed during system initialization. + You can put your own little text there by using the + SRM:
++ >>> SET OCP_TEXT "FreeBSD" + ++ +
The SRM
++ >>> SHOW FRU ++ +
command produces an overview of your configuration + with module serial numbers, hardware revisions and + error log counts.
+ +Both Sable, DemiSable and Lynx have Symbios 810 + based Fast SCSI on-board. Check if it is set to Fast + SCSI speed by
++ >>> SHOW PKA0_FAST ++ +
When set to 1 it is negotiating for Fast speeds.
++ >>> SET PKA0_FAST 1 ++ +
enables Fast SCSI speeds.
+ +AS2100[A] come equipped with a StorageWorks 7 slot + SCSI cage. A second cage can be added inside the + cabinet. AS2000 has a single 7 slot SCSI cage, which + cannot be expanded with an additional one. Note that + the slot locations in these cages map differently to + SCSI IDs compared to the standard StorageWorks shelves. + Slot IDs from top to bottom are 0, 4, 1, 5, 2, 6, 3 + when using a single bus configuration.
+ +The cage can also be set to provide two independent + SCSI buses. This is used for embedded RAID controllers + like the KZPSC (Mylex DAC960). Slot ID assignments for + split bus are, from top to bottom: 0A, 0B, 1A, 1B, 2A, + 2B, 3A, 3B. Where A and B signify a SCSI bus. In a + single bus configuration the terminator module on the + back of the SCSI cage is on the TOP. The jumper module + is on the BOTTOM. For split bus operation these two + modules are reversed. The terminator can be + distinguished from the jumper by noting the chips on + the terminator. The jumper does not have any active + components on it.
+ +DemiSable has 7 EISA slots and 3 PCI slots. Sable + has 8 EISA and 3 PCI slots. Lynx, being newer, has 8 + PCI and 3 EISA slots. The Lynx PCI slots are grouped in + sets of 4. The 4 PCI slots closest to the CPU/memory + slots are the primary slots, so logically before the + PCI bridge chip. Note that contrary to expectation the + primary PCI slots are the highest numbered ones (PCI4 - + PCI7).
+ +Make sure you run the EISA Configuration Utility + (from floppy) when adding/change expansion cards in + EISA slots or after upgrading your console firmware. + This is done by inserting the ECU floppy and typing
++ >>> RUNECU ++ +
++Note: EISA slots are currently + unsupported, but the Compaq Qvision EISA VGA + adapter is treated as an ISA device. It therefore + works OK as a console.
+
A special Extended I/O module for use on the C-bus + was planned-for. If they ever saw daylight is unknown. + In any case FreeBSD has never been verified with an + ExtIO module.
+ +The machines can be equipped with redundant power + supplies. Note that the enclosure is equipped with + interlock switches that switch off power when the + enclosure is opened. The system's cooling fans are + speed controlled. When the machine has more than 2 CPUs + and more than 1 memory board dual power supplies are + mandatory.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_2100_A500 + cpu EV4 #dependent on CPU model installed + cpu EV5 #dependent on CPU model installed ++
The AlphaServer 4x00 machines are intended as small + enterprise servers. Expect a 30" high pedestal + cabinet or alternatively the same system box in a + 19" rack. This is medium iron, not a typical + hobbyist system. Rawhides are multi-CPU machines, up to + 4 CPUs can be in a single machine. Basic disk storage + is housed in one or two StorageWorks shelves at the + bottom of the pedestal. The Rawhides intended for the + NT market are designated DIGITAL Server 7300 (5/400 + CPU), DIGITAL Server 7305 (5/533 CPU). A trailing R on + the part-number means a rackmount variant.
+ +Features:
+ +21164 EV5 CPUs at 266, 300 MHz or 21164A EV56 + CPUs at 400, 466, 533, 600 and 666 Mhz
+cache: 4 Mbytes per CPU. EV5 300 MHz was also + available cache-less. 8 Mbytes for EV5 600Mhz
+memory bus: 128 bit with ECC
+embedded floppy controller
+2 serial ports
+1 parallel port
+PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port
+Rawhide uses a maximum of 8 RAM modules. These + modules are used in pairs and supply 72 bits to the bus + (this includes ECC bits). Memory can be EDO RAM or + synchronous DRAM. A fully populated Rawhide has 4 pairs + of memory modules. Given the choice use SDRAM for best + performance. The highest capacity memory board must be + in memory slot 0. A mix of memory board sizes is + allowed. A mix of EDO and SDRAM is also reported as + working (assuming you don't try to mix EDO and SDRAM in + one module pair). A mix of EDO and SDRAM results in the + entire memory subsystem running + at the slower EDO timing
+ +Rawhide has an embedded Symbios 810 chip that gives + you a narrow fast-SCSI bus. Generally only the SCSI + CDROM is driven by this interface.
+ +Rawhides are available with a 8 64-bit PCI / 3 EISA + slot expansion backplanes (called ``Saddle'' modules). + There are 2 separate PCI buses, PCI0 and PCI1. PCI0 has + 1 dedicated PCI slot and (shared) 3 PCI/EISA slots. + PCI0 also has a PCI/EISA bridge that drives things like + the serial and parallel ports, keyboard/mouse etc. PCI1 + has 4 PCI slots and an Symbios 810 SCSI chip. VGA + console cards must be installed in a slot connected to + PCI0.
+ +The current FreeBSD implementation has problems in + handling PCI bridges. There is currently a limited fix + in place which allows for single level, single device + PCI bridges. The fix allows the use of the Digital + supplied Qlogic SCSI card which sits behind a 21054 PCI + bridge chip.
+ ++ +
++Note: EISA slots are currently + unsupported, but the Compaq Qvision EISA VGA + adapter is treated as an ISA device. It therefore + works OK as a console.
+
Rawhide employs an I2C based power controller + system. If you want to be sure all power is removed + from the system remove the mains cables from the + system.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_KN300 + cpu EV5 ++
The AlphaServer 1200 machine is the successor to the + AlphaServer 1000A. It uses the same enclosure the 1000A + uses, but the logic is based on the AlphaServer 4000 + design. These are multi-CPU machines, up to 2 CPUs can + be in a single machine. Basic disk storage is housed in + a StorageWorks shelves The AS1200 intended for the NT + market were designated DIGITAL Server 5300 (5/400 CPU) + and DIGITAL Server 5305 (5/533 CPU).
+ +Features:
+ +21164A EV56 CPUs at 400 or 533 Mhz
+cache: 4 Mbytes per CPU
+memory bus: 128 bit with ECC, DIMM memory on two + memory daughter boards
+embedded floppy controller
+2 serial ports
+1 parallel port
+PS/2 style keyboard & mouse port
+AS1200 uses 2 memory daughter cards. On each of + these cards are 8 DIMM slots. DIMMs must be installed + in pairs. The maximum memory size is 4 GBytes. Slots + must be filled in order and slot 0 must contain the + largest size DIMM if different sized DIMMs are used. + AS1200 employs fixed starting addresses for DIMMs, each + DIMM pair starts at a 512 Mbyte boundary. This means + that if DIMMs smaller than 256 Mbyte are used the + system's physical memory map will contain ``holes''. + Supported DIMM sizes are 64 Mbytes and 256 Mbytes. The + DIMMs are 72 bit SDRAM based, as the system employs + ECC.
+ +++Note: FreeBSD currently supports up to + 2GBytes
+
AS1200 has an embedded Symbios 810 drive Fast SCSI + bus.
+ +Tincup has 5 64-bit PCI slots, one 1 32-bit PCI slot + and one EISA slot (which is physically shared with one + of the 64-bit PCI slots). There are 2 separate PCI + buses, PCI0 and PCI1. PCI0 has the 32-bit PCI slot and + the 2 top-most 64-bit PCI slots. PCI0 also has an Intel + 82375EB PCI/EISA bridge that drives things like the + serial and parallel ports, keyboard/mouse etc. PCI1 has + 4 64-bit PCI slots and an Symbios 810 SCSI chip. VGA + console cards must be installed in a slot connected to + PCI0.
+ +The system employs an I2C based power controller + system. If you want to be sure all power is removed + from the system remove the mains cables from the + system. Tincup uses dual power supplies in load-sharing + mode and not as a redundancy pair.
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_KN300 + cpu EV5 ++
The AlphaServer 8200 and 8400 machines are + enterprise servers. Expect a tall 19" cabinet + (8200) or fat (8400) 19" rack. This is big iron, + not a hobbyist system. TurboLasers are multi-CPU + machines, up to 12 CPUs can be in a single machine. The + TurboLaser System Bus (TLSB) allows 9 nodes on the + AS8400 and 5 nodes on the AS8200. TLSB is 256 bit data, + 40 bit address allowing 2.1 GBytes/sec. Nodes on the + TLSB can be CPUs, memory or I/O. A maximum of 3 I/O + ports are supported on a TLSB.
+ +Basic disk storage is housed in a StorageWorks + shelf. AS8400 uses 3 phase power, AS8200 uses single + phase power.
+ +Features:
+ +21164 EV5/EV56 CPUs at up to 467 MHz or 21264 + EV67 CPUs at up to 625 MHz
+one or two CPUs per CPU module
+cache: 4Mbytes B-cache per CPU
+memory bus: 256 bit with ECC
+memory: big memory modules that plug into the + TLSB, which in turn hold special SIMM modules. + Memory modules come in varying sizes, up to 4 + GBytes a piece. Uses ECC (8 bits per 64 bits of + data) 7 memory modules max for AS8400, 3 modules + max for AS8200. Maximum memory is 28 GBytes.
+expansion: 3 system ``I/O ports'' that allow up + to 12 I/O channels each I/O channel can connect to + XMI, Futurebus+ or PCI boxes
+FreeBSD supports (and has been tested with) up to 2 + GBytes of memory on TurboLaser. There is a trade-off to + be made between TLSB slots occupied by memory modules + and TLSB slots occupied by CPU modules. For example you + can have 28GBytes of memory but only 2 CPUs (1 module) + at the same time.
+ +Only PCI expansion is supported on FreeBSD. XMI or + Futurebus+ (which are AS8400 only) are both + unsupported.
+ +The I/O port modules are designated KFTIA or KFTHA. + The I/O port modules supply so called ``hoses'' that + connect to up to 4 (KFTHA) PCI buses or 1 PCI bus + (KFTIA). KFTIA has embedded dual 10baseT Ethernet, + single FDDI, 3 SCSI Fast Wide Differential SCSI buses + and a single Fast Wide Single Ended SCSI bus. The FWSE + SCSI is intended for the CDROM.
+ +KFTHA can drive via each of its 4 hoses a DWLPA or + DWLPB box. The DWLPx house a 12 slots 32 bit PCI + backplane. Physically the 12 slots are 3 4-slot buses + but to the software it appears as a single 12 slots PCI + bus. A fully expanded AS8x00 can have 3 (I/O ports) + times 4 (hoses) times 12 (PCI slots/DWLPx) = 144 PCI + slots. The maximum bandwidth per KFTHA is 500 + Mbytes/second. DWLPA can also house 8 EISA cards, 2 + slots are PCI-only, 2 slots are EISA only. Of the 12 + slots 2 are always occupied by an I/O and connector + module. DWLPB are the prefered I/O boxes.
+ +For best performance distribute high bandwidth + (FibreChannel, Gigabit Ethernet) over multiple hoses + and/or multiple KFTHA/KFTIA.
+ +Currently PCI expansion cards containing PCI bridges + are not usable with FreeBSD. Don't use them at this + time.
+ +The single ended narrow SCSI bus on the KFTIA will + turn up as the fourth SCSI bus. The 3 fast-wide + differential SCSI buses of the KFTIA precede it.
+ +AS8x00 are generally run with serial consoles. Some + newer machines might have a graphical console of some + sorts but FreeBSD has only been tested on a serial + console.
+ +For serial console usage either change /etc/ttys to have:
++ console "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown on secure ++ +
as the console entry, or add
++ zs0 "/usr/libexec/getty std.9600" unknown on secure ++ +
For the AlphaServer 8x00 machines the kernel config + file must contain:
++ options DEC_KN8AE # Alpha 8200/8400 (Turbolaser) + cpu EV5 ++ +
Contrary to expectation there is no cpu EV6 defined for inclusion in the + kernel config file. The cpu + EV5 is mandatory to keep + config(8) happy.
+The UP1000 is an ATX mainboard based on the 21264a + CPU which itself lives in a Slot B module. It is + normally housed in an ATX tower enclosure.
+ +Features:
+ +21264a Alpha CPU at 600 or 700 MHz in a Slot B + module (includes cooling fans)
+memory bus: 128 bits to the L2 cache, 64 bits + from Slot B to the AMD-751
+on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 2MB (600Mhz) or 4MB + (700Mhz)
+AMD AMD-751 (``Irongate'') system controller + chip
+Acer Labs M1543C PCI-ISA bridge controller / + super-IO chip
+PS/2 mouse & keyboard port
+memory: 168-pin PC100 unbuffered SDRAM DIMMS, 3 + DIMM slots DIMM sizes supported are 64, 128 or 256 + Mb in size
+2 16550A serial port
+1 ECP/EPP parallel port
+floppy interface
+2 embedded Ultra DMA33 IDE interface
+2 USB ports
+expansion:
+ +4 32 bit PCI slots
+2 ISA slots
+1 AGP slot
+Slot B is a box-like enclosure that houses a + daughter-board for the CPU and cache. It has 2 small + fans for cooling. Loud fans..
+ +The machine needs ECC capable DIMMs, so 72 bit ones. + This does not appear to be documented in the UP1000 + docs. The system accesses the serial EEPROM on the + DIMMs via the SM bus. Note that if only a single DIMM + is used it must be installed in slot 2. This is a + bit counter-intuitive.
+ +The UP1000 needs a 400Watt ATX power supply + according to the manufacturer. This might be a bit + overly conservative/pessimistic judging from the power + consumption of the board & cpu. But as always you + will have to take your expansion cards and peripherals + into account. The M1543C chip contains power management + functionality & temperature monitoring (via I2C / + SM bus).
+ +Chances are that your UP1000 comes by default with + AlphaBios only. The SRM console firmware is available + from the Alpha Processor Inc. website. It is currently + available in a beta version which was successfully used + during the port of FreeBSD to the UP1000.
+ +The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by + the SRM console.
+ +UP1000 SRM can boot off an Adaptec 294x adapter. + Under high I/O load conditions machine lockups have + been observed using the Adaptec 294x. A Symbios 875 + based card works just fine, using the sym driver. Most + likely other cards based on the Symbios chips that the + sym driver supports will work as well.
+ +The USB interfaces are disabled by the SRM console + and have not (yet) been tested with FreeBSD.
+ +For the UP1000 the kernel config file must + contain:
++ options API_UP1000 # UP1000, UP1100 (Nautilus) + cpu EV5 ++
The UP1100 is an ATX mainboard based on the 21264a + CPU running at 600 MHz. It is normally housed in an ATX + tower enclosure.
+ +Features:
+ +21264a Alpha EV6 CPU at 600 or 700 MHz
+memory bus: 100MHz 64-bit (PC-100 SDRAM), 800 + MB/s memory bandwidth
+on-board Bcache / L2 cache: 2Mb
+AMD AMD-751 (``Irongate'') system controller + chip
+Acer Labs M1535D PCI-ISA bridge controller / + super-IO chip
+PS/2 mouse & keyboard port
+memory: 168-pin PC100 unbuffered SDRAM DIMMS, 3 + DIMM slots DIMM sizes supported are 64, 128 or 256 + Mb in size
+2 16550A serial port
+1 ECP/EPP parallel port
+floppy interface
+2 embedded Ultra DMA66 IDE interface
+2 USB port
+expansion: 3 32 bit PCI slots and 1 AGP2x + slot
+SRM console code comes standard with the UP1100. The + SRM lives in 2Mbytes of flash ROM.
+ +The machine needs ECC capable DIMMs, so 72 bit ones. + This does not appear to be documented in the UP1100 + docs. The system accesses the serial EEPROM on the + DIMMs via the SM bus. Note that if only a single DIMM + is used it must be installed in slot 2. This is a + bit counter-intuitive.
+ +The UP1100 needs a 400Watt ATX power supply + according to the manufacturer. This might be a bit + overly conservative/pessimistic judging from the power + consumption of the board & cpu. But as always you + will have to take your expansion cards and peripherals + into account. The M1535D chip contains power management + functionality & temperature monitoring (via I2C / + SM bus using a LM75 thermal sensor).
+ +The UP1100 has an on-board 21143 10/100Mbit Ethernet + interface.
+ +The UP1100 is equipped with a SoundBlaster + compatible audio interface. Whether it works with + FreeBSD is as of yet unknown.
+ +The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by + the SRM console.
+ +The UP1100 has 3 USB ports, 2 going external and one + connected to the AGP port.
+ +For the UP1100 the kernel config file must + contain:
++ options API_UP1000 # UP1000, UP1100 (Nautilus) + cpu EV5 ++ +
Contrary to expectation there is no cpu EV6 defined for inclusion in the + kernel config file. The cpu + EV5 is mandatory to keep + config(8) happy.
+The CS20 is a 19", 1U high rackmount server + based on the 21264[ab] CPU. It can have a maximum of 2 + CPUs.
+ +Features:
+ +21264a Alpha CPU at 667 MHz or 21264b 833 MHz + (max. 2 CPUs)
+memory bus: 100MHz 256-bit wide
+21271 Core Logic chipset (``Tsunami'')
+Acer Labs M1533 PCI-ISA bridge controller / + super-IO chip
+PS/2 mouse & keyboard port
+memory: 168-pin PC100 PLL buffered/registered + SDRAM DIMMS, 8 DIMM slots, uses ECC memory, min 256 + Mbytes / max 2 GBytes of memory
+2 16550A serial port
+1 ECP/EPP parallel port
+ALI M1543C Ultra DMA66 IDE interface
+embedded dual Intel 82559 10/100Mbit + Ethernet
+embedded Symbios 53C1000 Ultra160 SCSI + controller
+expansion: 2 64 bit PCI slots (2/3 length)
+SRM console code comes standard with the CS20. The + SRM lives in 2Mbytes of flash ROM.
+ +The CS20 needs ECC capable DIMMs. Note that it uses + buffered DIMMs.
+ +The CS20 has an I2C based internal monitoring system + for things like temperature, fans, voltages etc. The + I2C also supports ``wake on LAN''.
+ +Each PCI slot is connected to it's own independent + PCI bus on the Tsunami.
+ +The embedded Ultra DMA EIDE ports are bootable by + the SRM console.
+ +The CS20 has an embedded slim-line IDE CD drive. + There is a front-accessible bay for a 1" high + 3.5" SCSI hard-disk drive with SCA connector.
+ +Note that there is no floppy disk drive (or a + connector to add one).
+ +The kernel config file must contain:
++ options DEC_ST6600 + cpu EV5 ++ +
Contrary to expectation there is no cpu EV6 defined for inclusion in the + kernel config file. The cpu + EV5 is mandatory to keep + config(8) happy.
+A word of caution: the installed base for FreeBSD is + not nearly as large as for FreeBSD/Intel. This means that + the enormous variation of PCI/ISA expansion cards out + there has much less chance of having been tested on alpha + than on Intel. This is not to imply they are doomed to + fail, just that the chance of running into something + never tested before is much higher. GENERIC contains things that are known to + work on Alpha only.
+ +The PCI and ISA expansion busses are fully supported. + Turbo Channel is not in GENERIC + and has limited support (see the relevant machine model + info). The MCA bus is not supported. The EISA bus is not + supported for use with EISA expansion cards as the EISA + support code is lacking. ISA cards in EISA slots are + reported to work. The Compaq Qvision EISA VGA card is + driven in ISA mode and works OK as a console.
+ +1.44 Mbyte and 1.2 Mbyte floppy drives are supported. + 2.88 Mbyte drives sometimes found in Alpha machines are + supported up to 1.44Mbyte.
+ +ATA and ATAPI (IDE) devices are supported via the + ata(4) driver + framework. As most people run their Alphas with SCSI + disks it is not as well tested as SCSI. Be aware of + boot-ability restrictions for IDE disks. See the machine + specific information.
+ +There is full SCSI support via the CAM layer for + Adaptec 2940x (AIC7xxx chip-based), Qlogic family and + Symbios. Be aware of the machine-specific boot-ability + issues for the various adapter types.
+ +The Qlogic QL2x00 FibreChannel host adapters are fully + supported.
+ +If you want to boot your Alpha over the Ethernet you + will obviously need an Ethernet card that the SRM console + recognizes. This generally means you need a board with an + 21x4x Ethernet chip as that is what Digital used. These + chips are driven by the FreeBSD + de(4) (older driver) or + + dc(4) (newer driver). + Some new SRM versions are known to recognize the Intel + 8255x Ethernet chips as driven by the FreeBSD + fxp(4) driver. But + beware: the + fxp(4) driver is + reported not to work correctly with FreeBSD (although it + works excellently on FreeBSD/x86).
+ +DEC DEFPA PCI FDDI network adapters are supported on + alpha.
+ +In general the SRM console emulates a + VGA-compatibility mode on PCI VGA cards. This is, + however, not guaranteed to work by Compaq/DEC for each + and every card type out there. When the SRM thinks the + VGA is acceptable FreeBSD will be able to use it. The + console driver works just like on a FreeBSD/intel + machine. Please note that VESA modes are not supported on + Alpha, so that leaves you with 80x25 consoles.
+ +The ``PC standard'' serial ports found on most Alphas + are supported. For TurboChannel machines the serial ports + are also supported.
+ +ISDN (i4b) is not supported on FreeBSD/alpha.
+In compiling this file I used multiple information + sources, but the NetBSD Web site proved to be an invaluable + source of information. If it wasn't for NetBSD/alpha + there probably would not be a FreeBSD/alpha in the first + place.
+ +People who kindly helped me create this section:
+ +Andrew Gallatin <gallatin@FreeBSD.org>
+Chuck Robey <chuckr@FreeBSD.org>
+Matthew Jacob <mjacob@FreeBSD.org>
+Michael Smith <msmith@FreeBSD.org>
+David O'Brien <obrien@FreeBSD.org>
+Christian Weisgerber
+Kazutaka YOKOTA
+Nick Maniscalco
+Eric Schnoebelen
+Peter van Dijk
+Peter Jeremy
+Dolf de Waal
+Wim Lemmers, ex-Compaq
+Wouter Brackman, Compaq
+Lodewijk van den Berg, Compaq
+This section describes the devices currently known to be + supported by with FreeBSD on the Alpha/AXP platform. Other + configurations may also work, but simply have not been + tested yet. Feedback, updates, and corrections to this list + are encouraged.
+ +Where possible, the drivers applicable to each device or + class of devices is listed. If the driver in question has a + manual page in the FreeBSD base distribution (most should), + it is referenced here.
+ +IDE/ATA controllers ( + ata(4) driver)
+ +Acerlabs Aladdin
+AMD 756, 766
+CMD 646, 648 ATA66, and 649 ATA100
+Cypress 82C693
+Cyrex 5530
+HighPoint HPT366 ATA66, HPT370 ATA100, HPT372 + ATA133
+Intel PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4
+Intel ICH ATA66, ICH2 ATA100, ICH3 ATA100
+Promise ATA100 OEM chip (pdc20265)
+Promise Fasttrak-33, -66, -100 TX2/TX4
+Promise Ultra-33, -66, -100
+ServerWorks ROSB4 ATA33
+SiS 530, 540, 620
+SiS 630, 633, 635, 730, 733, 735
+SiS 5591
+VIA 82C586 ATA33, 82C596 ATA66, 82C686a ATA66, + 82C686b ATA100
+Adaptec SCSI Controllers
+ +Adaptec + 19160/291x/2920/2930/2940/2950/29160/3940/3950/3960/39160/398x/494x + series PCI SCSI controllers, including + Narrow/Wide/Twin/Ultra/Ultra2 variants ( + ahc(4) driver)
+Adaptec AIC7770, AIC7850, AIC7860, AIC7870, + AIC7880, and AIC789x on-board SCSI controllers ( + ahc(4) driver)
+AMI MegaRAID Express and Enterprise family RAID + controllers ( + amr(4) driver)
+ +MegaRAID Series 418
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1200 (Series 428)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1300 (Series 434)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1400 (Series 438)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1500 (Series 467)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1600 (Series 471)
+MegaRAID Elite 1500 (Series 467)
+MegaRAID Elite 1600 (Series 493)
+MegaRAID Express 100 (Series 466WS)
+MegaRAID Express 200 (Series 466)
+MegaRAID Express 300 (Series 490)
+MegaRAID Express 500 (Series 475)
+Dell PERC
+Dell PERC 2/SC
+Dell PERC 2/DC
+Dell PERC 3/DCL
+HP NetRaid-1si
+HP NetRaid-3si
+HP Embedded NetRaid
+++Booting from these controllers is not supported + due to SRM limitations.
+
Mylex DAC960 and DAC1100 RAID controllers with 2.x, + 3.x, 4.x and 5.x firmware ( + mlx(4) driver)
+ +DAC960P
+DAC960PD
+DAC960PDU
+DAC960PL
+DAC960PJ
+DAC960PG
+AcceleRAID 150
+AcceleRAID 250
+eXtremeRAID 1100
+++Booting from these controllers is not supported + due to SRM limitations. This list includes + controllers sold by Digital/Compaq in Alpha systems + in the StorageWorks family, e.g. KZPSC or KZPAC.
+
LSI/SymBios (formerly NCR) 53C810, 53C810a, 53C815, + 53C825, 53C825a, 53C860, 53C875, 53C875a, 53C876, 53C885, + 53C895, 53C895a, 53C896, 53C1010-33, 53C1010-66, 53C1000, + 53C1000R PCI SCSI controllers, either embedded on + motherboard or on add-on boards ( + ncr(4) and + sym(4) drivers)
+ +ASUS SC-200, SC-896
+Data Technology DTC3130 (all variants)
+DawiControl DC2976UW
+Diamond FirePort (all)
+NCR cards (all)
+Symbios cards (all)
+Tekram DC390W, 390U, 390F, 390U2B, 390U2W, 390U3D, + and 390U3W
+Tyan S1365
+Qlogic controllers and variants ( + isp(4) driver)
+ +Qlogic 1020, 1040 SCSI and Ultra SCSI host + adapters
+Qlogic 1240 dual Ultra SCSI controllers
+Qlogic 1080 Ultra2 LVD and 1280 Dual Ultra2 LVD + controllers
+Qlogic 12160 Ultra3 LVD controllers
+Qlogic 2100 and Qlogic 2200 Fibre Channel SCSI + controllers
+Qlogic 2300 and Qlogic 2312 2-Gigabit Fibre + Channel SCSI controllers
+Performance Technology SBS440 ISP1000 variants
+Performance Technology SBS450 ISP1040 variants
+Performance Technology SBS470 ISP2100 variants
+Antares Microsystems P-0033 ISP2100 variants
+Tekram DC390 and DC390T controllers, maybe other cards + based on the AMD 53c974 as well ( + amd(4) driver)
+ +With all supported SCSI controllers, full support is + provided for SCSI-I, SCSI-II, and SCSI-III peripherals, + including hard disks, optical disks, tape drives + (including DAT, 8mm Exabyte, Mammoth, and DLT), medium + changers, processor target devices and CD-ROM drives. + WORM devices that support CD-ROM commands are supported + for read-only access by the CD-ROM drivers (such as + cd(4)). WORM/CD-R/CD-RW + writing support is provided by + cdrecord(1), which is a + part of the + sysutils/cdrtools port in the + Ports Collection.
+ +The following CD-ROM type systems are supported at + this time:
+ +SCSI interface (also includes ProAudio Spectrum + and SoundBlaster SCSI) ( + cd(4))
+ATAPI IDE interface ( + acd(4))
+Adaptec Duralink PCI Fast Ethernet adapters based on + the Adaptec AIC-6915 Fast Ethernet controller chip ( + sf(4) driver)
+ +ANA-62011 64-bit single port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-62022 64-bit dual port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-62044 64-bit quad port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-69011 32-bit single port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-62020 64-bit single port 100baseFX adapter
+AMD PCnet NICs ( + lnc(4) and + pcn(4) drivers)
+ +AMD PCnet/PCI (79c970 & 53c974 or 79c974)
+AMD PCnet/FAST
+Isolan AT 4141-0 (16 bit)
+Isolink 4110 (8 bit)
+PCnet/FAST+
+PCnet/FAST III
+PCnet/PRO
+PCnet/Home
+HomePNA
+National Semiconductor DS8390-based Ethernet NICs, + including Novell NE2000 and clones ( + ed(4) driver)
+ +3C503 Etherlink II ( + ed(4) driver)
+NetVin 5000
+Novell NE1000, NE2000, and NE2100
+RealTek 8029
+SMC Elite 16 WD8013 Ethernet interface
+SMC Elite Ultra
+SMC WD8003E, WD8003EBT, WD8003W, WD8013W, WD8003S, + WD8003SBT and WD8013EBT and clones
+Surecom NE-34
+VIA VT86C926
+Winbond W89C940
+RealTek 8129/8139 Fast Ethernet NICs ( + rl(4) driver)
+ +Accton ``Cheetah'' EN1207D (MPX 5030/5038; RealTek + 8139 clone)
+Allied Telesyn AT2550
+Allied Telesyn AT2500TX
+D-Link DFE-538TX
+Farallon NetLINE 10/100 PCI
+Genius GF100TXR (RTL8139)
+KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet
+NDC Communications NE100TX-E
+Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100
+OvisLink LEF-8129TX
+OvisLink LEF-8139TX
+SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX
+Lite-On 82c168/82c169 PNIC Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Kingston KNE110TX
+LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX
+Matrox FastNIC 10/100
+NetGear FA310-TX Rev. D1
+Macronix 98713, 98713A, 98715, 98715A and 98725 Fast + Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Accton EN1217 (98715A)
+Adico AE310TX (98715A)
+Compex RL100-TX (98713 or 98713A)
+CNet Pro120A (98713 or 98713A)
+CNet Pro120B (98715)
+NDC Communications SFA100A (98713A)
+SVEC PN102TX (98713)
+Macronix/Lite-On PNIC II LC82C115 Fast Ethernet NICs + ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX Version 2
+Winbond W89C840F Fast Ethernet NICs ( + wb(4) driver)
+ +Trendware TE100-PCIE
+VIA Technologies VT3043 ``Rhine I'' and VT86C100A + ``Rhine II'' Fast Ethernet NICs ( + vr(4) driver)
+ +AOpen/Acer ALN-320
+D-Link DFE-530TX
+Hawking Technologies PN102TX
+Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900 and SiS 7016 PCI + Fast Ethernet NICs ( + sis(4) driver)
+ +SiS 635 and 735 motherboard chipsets
+National Semiconductor DP83815 Fast Ethernet NICs ( + sis(4) driver)
+ +NetGear FA311-TX
+NetGear FA312-TX
+Sundance Technologies ST201 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + ste(4) driver)
+ +D-Link DFE-550TX
+SysKonnect SK-984x PCI Gigabit Ethernet cards ( + sk(4) drivers)
+ +SK-9821 1000baseT copper, single port
+SK-9822 1000baseT copper, dual port
+SK-9841 1000baseLX single mode fiber, single + port
+SK-9842 1000baseLX single mode fiber, dual + port
+SK-9843 1000baseSX multimode fiber, single + port
+SK-9844 1000baseSX multimode fiber, dual port
+Texas Instruments ThunderLAN PCI NICs ( + tl(4) driver)
+ +Compaq Netelligent 10, 10/100, 10/100 + Dual-Port
+Compaq Netelligent 10/100 TX Embedded UTP, 10 T + PCI UTP/Coax, 10/100 TX UTP
+Compaq NetFlex 3P, 3P Integrated, 3P w/BNC
+Olicom OC-2135/2138, OC-2325, OC-2326 10/100 TX + UTP
+Racore 8165 10/100baseTX
+Racore 8148 10baseT/100baseTX/100baseFX + multi-personality
+ADMtek Inc. AL981-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +ADMtek Inc. AN985-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX v4.0/4.1
+ASIX Electronics AX88140A PCI NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Alfa Inc. GFC2204
+CNet Pro110B
+DEC DC21040, DC21041, DC21140, DC21141, DC21142, and + DC21143 based NICs ( + de(4) driver)
+ +Asante
+Cogent EM100FX and EM440TX
+DEC DE425, DE435, DE450, and DE500
+SMC Etherpower 8432T, 9332, and 9334
+ZYNX ZX 3xx
+DEC/Intel 21143 based Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +DEC DE500
+Compaq Presario 7900 series built-in Ethernet
+D-Link DFE-570TX
+Kingston KNE100TX
+LinkSys EtherFast 10/100 Instant GigaDrive + built-in Ethernet
+Davicom DM9100 and DM9102 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Jaton Corporation XpressNet
+Intel 82557- or 82559-based Fast Ethernet NICs ( + fxp(4) driver)
+ +Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B PCI Fast Ethernet
+Intel InBusiness 10/100 PCI Network Adapter
+Intel PRO/100+ Management Adapter
+3Com Etherlink XL-based NICs ( + xl(4) driver)
+ +3C900/905/905B/905C PCI
+3C556/556B MiniPCI
+3C450-TX HomeConnect adapter
+3c980/3c980B Fast Etherlink XL server adapter
+3cSOHO100-TX OfficeConnect adapter
+Dell Optiplex GX1 on-board 3C918
+Dell On-board 3C920
+Dell Precision on-board 3C905B
+Dell Latitude laptop docking station embedded + 3C905-TX
+Ethernet and Fast Ethernet NICs based on the 3Com 3XP + Typhoon/Sidewinder (3CR990) chipset ( + txp(4) driver)
+ +3Com 3CR990-TX-95
+3Com 3CR990-TX-97
+3Com 3CR990B-SRV
+3Com 3CR990B-TXM
+3Com 3CR990SVR95
+3Com 3CR990SVR97
+Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Intel 82542 and + 82543 controller chips ( + wx(4), + gx(4) and + em(4) drivers)
+ +Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet
+++Note: The + wx(4) driver is + deprecated.
+
++Note: The + em(4) driver is + officially supported by Intel, but is only supported + on the i386.
+
AST 4 port serial card using shared IRQ
+ +Comtrol Rocketport card (rp driver)
+ESS
+ +ES1868, ES1869, ES1879 and ES1888 ( + sbc(4) driver)
+Maestro-1, Maestro-2, and Maestro-2E
+Maestro-3/Allegro
+ +++Note: The Maestro-3/Allegro cannot be + compiled into the FreeBSD kernel due to licensing + restrictions. To use this driver, add the + following line to /boot/loader.conf:
++ snd_maestro3_load="YES" ++
MSS/WSS Compatible DSPs ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +Creative Technologies SoundBlaster series ( + sbc(4) driver)
+ +SoundBlaster
+SoundBlaster Pro
+SoundBlaster AWE-32
+SoundBlaster AWE-64
+SoundBlaster AWE-64 GOLD
+SoundBlaster ViBRA-16
+A range of USB peripherals are supported; devices + known to work are listed in this section. Owing to the + generic nature of most USB devices, with some exceptions + any device of a given class will be supported, even if + not explicitly listed here.
+ +++Note: USB Ethernet adapters can be found in + the section listing Ethernet + interfaces.
+
Host Controllers ( + ohci(4) and + uhci(4) drivers)
+ +ALi Aladdin-V
+AMD-756
+CMD Tech 670 & 673
+Intel 82371SB (PIIX3)
+Intel 82371AB and EB (PIIX4)
+Intel 82801AA (ICH)
+Intel 82801AB (ICH0)
+Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2)
+Intel 82443MX
+NEC uPD 9210
+OPTi 82C861 (FireLink)
+SiS 5571
+VIA 83C572 USB
+UHCI or OHCI compliant motherboard chipsets (no + exceptions known)
+Hubs
+ +Andromeda hub
+MacAlly self powered hub (4 ports)
+NEC hub
+Keyboards ( + ukbd(4) driver)
+ +Apple iMac keyboard
+BTC BTC7935 keyboard with PS/2 mouse port
+Cherry G81-3504 keyboard
+Logitech M2452 keyboard
+MacAlly iKey keyboard
+Microsoft keyboard
+Mice ( + ums(4) driver)
+ +Agiler Mouse 29UO
+Apple iMac Mouse
+Belkin Mouse
+Chic mouse
+Cypress mouse
+Genius Niche mouse
+Kensington Mouse-in-a-Box
+Logitech wheel mouse (3 buttons)
+Logitech PS/2 / USB mouse (3 buttons)
+MacAlly mouse (3 buttons)
+Microsoft IntelliMouse (3 buttons)
+Trust Ami Mouse (3 buttons)
+Printers and parallel printer conversion cables (ulpt + driver)
+ +ATen parallel printer adapter
+Belkin F5U002 parallel printer adapter
+Entrega USB-to-parallel printer adapter
+Storage ( + umass(4) driver)
+ +Matshita CF-VFDU03 floppy drive
+Microtech USB-SCSI-HD 50 USB to SCSI cable
+Panasonic floppy drive
+Y-E Data floppy drive (720/1.44/2.88Mb)
+Floppy drives ( + fd(4) driver)
+ +Keyboards including:
+ +AT-style keyboards
+PS/2 keyboards
+USB keyboards (specific instances are listed in + the section describing USB + devices)
+Mice including:
+ +PS/2 mice ( + psm(4) driver)
+Serial mice
+USB mice (specific instances are listed in the + section describing USB + devices)
+Parallel ports ( + ppc(4) driver)
+ +Serial ports ( + sio(4) driver)
+This file, and other release-related + documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/.
+ +For questions about FreeBSD, read the + documentation + before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
+ +For questions about this + documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.
+Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002 by + The FreeBSD Documentation Project
+This document contains the hardware compatability notes + for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE on the IA-32 hardware platform + (also referred to as FreeBSD/i386 4.5-RELEASE). It lists + devices known to work on this platform, as well as some + notes on boot-time kernel customization that may be useful + when attempting to configure support for new devices.
+ +++Note: This document includes information + specific to the IA-32 hardware platform. Versions of + the hardware compatability notes for other + architectures will differ in some details.
+
FreeBSD/i386 runs on a wide variety of ``IBM PC + compatible'' machines. Due to the wide range of hardware + available for this architecture, it is impossible to + exhaustively list all combinations of equipment supported + by FreeBSD. Nevertheless, some general guidelines are + presented here.
+ +Almost all i386-compatible processors are supported. All + Intel processors beginning with the 80386 are supported, + including the 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium + II, Pentium III, Pentium 4, and variants thereof, such as + the Xeon and Celeron processors. (While technically + supported, the use of the 80386SX is specifically not + recommended.) All i386-compatible AMD processors are also + supported, including the Am486, Am5x86, K5, K6, Athlon, and + Duron processors. The Transmeta Crusoe is recognized and + supported, as are i386-compatible processors from Cyrix and + NexGen.
+ +There is a wide variety of motherboards available for + this architecture. Motherboards using the ISA, VLB, EISA, + AGP, and PCI expansion busses are well-supported. There is + some limited support for the MCA (``MicroChannel'') + expansion bus used in the IBM PS/2 line of PCs.
+ +Symmetric multi-processor (SMP) systems are generally + supported by FreeBSD, although in some cases, BIOS or + motherboard bugs may generate some problems. Perusal of the + archives of the FreeBSD symmetric multiprocessing mailing + list <freebsd-smp@FreeBSD.org> + may yield some clues.
+ +FreeBSD will generally run on i386-based laptops, albeit + with varying levels of support for certain hardware + features such as sound, graphics, power management, and + PCCARD expansion slots. These features tend to vary in + idiosyncratic ways between machines, and frequently require + special-case support in FreeBSD to work around hardware + bugs or other oddities. When in doubt, a search of the + archives of the FreeBSD laptop computer mailing list <freebsd-mobile@FreeBSD.org> + may be useful.
+This section describes the devices currently known to be + supported by with FreeBSD on the IA-32 platform. Other + configurations may also work, but simply have not been + tested yet. Feedback, updates, and corrections to this list + are encouraged.
+ +Where possible, the drivers applicable to each device or + class of devices is listed. If the driver in question has a + manual page in the FreeBSD base distribution (most should), + it is referenced here.
+ +IDE/ATA controllers ( + ata(4) driver)
+ +Acerlabs Aladdin
+AMD 756, 766
+CMD 646, 648 ATA66, and 649 ATA100
+Cypress 82C693
+Cyrex 5530
+HighPoint HPT366 ATA66, HPT370 ATA100, HPT372 + ATA133
+Intel PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4
+Intel ICH ATA66, ICH2 ATA100, ICH3 ATA100
+Promise ATA100 OEM chip (pdc20265)
+Promise Fasttrak-33, -66, -100 TX2/TX4
+Promise Ultra-33, -66, -100
+ServerWorks ROSB4 ATA33
+SiS 530, 540, 620
+SiS 630, 633, 635, 730, 733, 735
+SiS 5591
+VIA 82C586 ATA33, 82C596 ATA66, 82C686a ATA66, + 82C686b ATA100
+Adaptec SCSI Controllers
+ +Adaptec 1535 ISA SCSI controllers
+Adaptec 154x series ISA SCSI controllers ( + aha(4) driver)
+Adaptec 164x series MCA SCSI controllers ( + aha(4) driver)
+Adaptec 174x series EISA SCSI controller in + standard and enhanced mode ( + aha(4) and + ahb(4) driver)
+Adaptec 274x series EISA SCSI controllers, + including narrow and wide variants ( + ahc(4) driver)
+Adaptec 284x series VLB SCSI controllers, + including narrow and wide variants ( + ahc(4) driver)
+Adaptec + 19160/291x/2920/2930/2940/2950/29160/3940/3950/3960/39160/398x/494x + series PCI SCSI controllers, including + Narrow/Wide/Twin/Ultra/Ultra2 variants ( + ahc(4) driver)
+Adaptec AIC7770, AIC7850, AIC7860, AIC7870, + AIC7880, and AIC789x on-board SCSI controllers ( + ahc(4) driver)
+Adaptec 1510 series ISA SCSI controllers (not for + bootable devices)
+Adaptec 152x series ISA SCSI controllers ( + aha(4) driver)
+Adaptec AIC-6260 and AIC-6360 based boards, which + includes the AHA-152x and SoundBlaster SCSI cards ( + aic(4) driver)
+Adaptec 2100S/32x0S/34x0S SCSI RAID controllers ( + asr(4) driver)
+ +Adaptec 2000S/2005S Zero-Channel RAID controllers ( + asr(4) driver)
+ +Adaptec 2400A ATA-100 RAID controller ( + asr(4) driver)
+ +Adaptec FSA family RAID controllers ( + aac(4) driver)
+ +Adaptec AAC-2622
+Adaptec AAC-364
+Adaptec SCSI RAID 5400S
+Dell PERC 2/QC
+Dell PERC 2/Si
+Dell PERC 3/Di
+Dell PERC 3/QC
+Dell PERC 3/Si
+HP NetRAID-4M
+AdvanSys SCSI controllers (all models, + adv(4) and + adw(4) drivers)
+ +BusLogic MultiMaster ``W'' Series Host Adapters ( + bt(4) driver):
+ +BT-948
+BT-958
+BT-958D
+BusLogic MultiMaster ``C'' Series Host Adapters ( + bt(4) driver):
+ +BT-946C
+BT-956C
+BT-956CD
+BT-445C
+BT-747C
+BT-757C
+BT-757CD
+BT-545C
+BT-540CF
+BusLogic MultiMaster ``S'' Series Host Adapters ( + bt(4) driver):
+ +BT-445S
+BT-747S
+BT-747D
+BT-757S
+BT-757D
+BT-545S
+BT-542D
+BT-742A
+BT-542B
+BusLogic MultiMaster ``A'' Series Host Adapters ( + bt(4) driver):
+ +BT-742A
+BT-542B
+++Note: BusLogic/Mylex ``Flashpoint'' + adapters are not yet supported.
+
++Note: AMI FastDisk controllers that are + true BusLogic MultiMaster clones are also + supported.
+
++Note: The Buslogic/Bustek BT-640 and + Storage Dimensions SDC3211B and SDC3211F Microchannel + (MCA) bus adapters are also supported.
+
DPT SmartCACHE Plus, SmartCACHE III, SmartRAID III, + SmartCACHE IV and SmartRAID IV SCSI/RAID controllers ( + dpt(4) driver)
+ +DPT SmartRAID V and VI SCSI RAID controllers ( + asr(4) driver)
+ +PM1554
+PM2554
+PM2654
+PM2865
+PM2754
+PM3755
+PM3757
+AMI MegaRAID Express and Enterprise family RAID + controllers ( + amr(4) driver)
+ +MegaRAID Series 418
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1200 (Series 428)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1300 (Series 434)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1400 (Series 438)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1500 (Series 467)
+MegaRAID Enterprise 1600 (Series 471)
+MegaRAID Elite 1500 (Series 467)
+MegaRAID Elite 1600 (Series 493)
+MegaRAID Express 100 (Series 466WS)
+MegaRAID Express 200 (Series 466)
+MegaRAID Express 300 (Series 490)
+MegaRAID Express 500 (Series 475)
+Dell PERC
+Dell PERC 2/SC
+Dell PERC 2/DC
+Dell PERC 3/DCL
+HP NetRaid-1si
+HP NetRaid-3si
+HP Embedded NetRaid
+++Note: Booting from these controllers is + supported. EISA adapters are not supported.
+
Mylex DAC960 and DAC1100 RAID controllers with 2.x, + 3.x, 4.x and 5.x firmware ( + mlx(4) driver)
+ +DAC960P
+DAC960PD
+DAC960PDU
+DAC960PL
+DAC960PJ
+DAC960PG
+AcceleRAID 150
+AcceleRAID 250
+eXtremeRAID 1100
+++Note: Booting from these controllers is + supported. EISA adapters are not supported.
+
Mylex PCI to SCSI RAID controllers with 6.x firmware + ( + mly(4) driver)
+ +AcceleRAID 160
+AcceleRAID 170
+AcceleRAID 352
+eXtremeRAID 2000
+eXtremeRAID 3000
+++Note: Compatible Mylex controllers not + listed should work, but have not been verified.
+
3ware Escalade ATA RAID controllers ( + twe(4) driver)
+ +5000 series
+6000 series
+7000 series
+LSI/SymBios (formerly NCR) 53C810, 53C810a, 53C815, + 53C825, 53C825a, 53C860, 53C875, 53C875a, 53C876, 53C885, + 53C895, 53C895a, 53C896, 53C1010-33, 53C1010-66, 53C1000, + 53C1000R PCI SCSI controllers, either embedded on + motherboard or on add-on boards ( + ncr(4) and + sym(4) drivers)
+ +ASUS SC-200, SC-896
+Data Technology DTC3130 (all variants)
+DawiControl DC2976UW
+Diamond FirePort (all)
+NCR cards (all)
+Symbios cards (all)
+Tekram DC390W, 390U, 390F, 390U2B, 390U2W, 390U3D, + and 390U3W
+Tyan S1365
+NCR 53C500 based PC-Card SCSI host adapters (ncv + driver)
+ +IO DATA PCSC-DV
+KME KXLC002 (TAXAN ICD-400PN, etc.), KXLC004
+Macnica Miracle SCSI-II mPS110
+Media Intelligent MSC-110, MSC-200
+NEC PC-9801N-J03R
+New Media Corporation BASICS SCSI
+Qlogic Fast SCSI
+RATOC REX-9530, REX-5572 (as SCSI only)
+TMC 18C30, 18C50 based ISA/PC-Card SCSI host adapters + (stg driver)
+ +Future Domain SCSI2GO
+IBM SCSI PCMCIA Card
+ICM PSC-2401 SCSI
+Melco IFC-SC
+RATOC REX-5536, REX-5536AM, REX-5536M, + REX-9836A
+Qlogic controllers and variants ( + isp(4) driver)
+ +Qlogic 1020, 1040 SCSI and Ultra SCSI host + adapters
+Qlogic 1240 dual Ultra SCSI controllers
+Qlogic 1080 Ultra2 LVD and 1280 Dual Ultra2 LVD + controllers
+Qlogic 12160 Ultra3 LVD controllers
+Qlogic 2100 and Qlogic 2200 Fibre Channel SCSI + controllers
+Qlogic 2300 and Qlogic 2312 2-Gigabit Fibre + Channel SCSI controllers
+Performance Technology SBS440 ISP1000 variants
+Performance Technology SBS450 ISP1040 variants
+Performance Technology SBS470 ISP2100 variants
+Antares Microsystems P-0033 ISP2100 variants
+DTC 3290 EISA SCSI controller in 1542 emulation + mode.
+ +Tekram DC390 and DC390T controllers, maybe other cards + based on the AMD 53c974 as well ( + amd(4) driver)
+ +Workbit Ninja SCSI-3 based PC-Card SCSI host adapters + (nsp driver)
+ +Alpha-Data AD-PCS201
+IO DATA CBSC16
+Parallel to SCSI interfaces ( + vpo(4) driver)
+ +AIC 7110 SCSI controller (built-in to Iomega ZIP + drive)
+Iomega Jaz Traveller interface
+Iomega MatchMaker SCSI interface (built-in to + Iomega ZIP+ drive)
+SCSI adapters utilizing the Command Interface for + SCSI-3 Support (ciss driver)
+ +Compaq Smart Array 5* series (5300, 5i, 532)
+With all supported SCSI controllers, full support is + provided for SCSI-I, SCSI-II, and SCSI-III peripherals, + including hard disks, optical disks, tape drives + (including DAT, 8mm Exabyte, Mammoth, and DLT), medium + changers, processor target devices and CD-ROM drives. + WORM devices that support CD-ROM commands are supported + for read-only access by the CD-ROM drivers (such as + cd(4)). WORM/CD-R/CD-RW + writing support is provided by + cdrecord(1), which is a + part of the + sysutils/cdrtools port in the + Ports Collection.
+ +The following CD-ROM type systems are supported at + this time:
+ +SCSI interface (also includes ProAudio Spectrum + and SoundBlaster SCSI) ( + cd(4))
+Matsushita/Panasonic (Creative SoundBlaster) + proprietary interface (562/563 models) ( + matcd(4))
+Sony proprietary interface (all models) ( + scd(4))
+ATAPI IDE interface ( + acd(4))
+The following drivers were supported under the old + SCSI subsystem, but are not yet supported under the new + CAM SCSI subsystem:
+ +NCR5380/NCR53400 (``ProAudio Spectrum'') SCSI + controller
+UltraStor 14F, 24F and 34F SCSI controllers.
+ +++Note: There is work-in-progress to port + the UltraStor driver to the new CAM SCSI + framework, but no estimates on when or if it will + be completed.
+
Seagate ST01/02 SCSI controllers
+Future Domain 8xx/950 series SCSI controllers
+WD7000 SCSI controller
+The following device is unmaintained:
+ +Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM interface (all models) + ( + mcd(4))
+Adaptec Duralink PCI Fast Ethernet adapters based on + the Adaptec AIC-6915 Fast Ethernet controller chip ( + sf(4) driver)
+ +ANA-62011 64-bit single port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-62022 64-bit dual port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-62044 64-bit quad port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-69011 32-bit single port 10/100baseTX + adapter
+ANA-62020 64-bit single port 100baseFX adapter
+Allied-Telesis AT1700 and RE2000 cards ( + fe(4) driver)
+ +Alteon Networks PCI Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the + Tigon 1 and Tigon 2 chipsets ( + ti(4) driver)
+ +3Com 3c985-SX (Tigon 1 and 2)
+Alteon AceNIC (Tigon 1 and 2)
+Alteon AceNIC 1000baseT (Tigon 2)
+Asante PCI 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet + Adapter
+Asante GigaNIX1000T Gigabit Ethernet Adapter
+DEC/Compaq EtherWORKS 1000
+Farallon PN9000SX
+NEC Gigabit Ethernet
+Netgear GA620 (Tigon 2)
+Netgear GA620T (Tigon 2, 1000baseT)
+Silicon Graphics Gigabit Ethernet
+AMD PCnet NICs ( + lnc(4) and + pcn(4) drivers)
+ +AMD PCnet/PCI (79c970 & 53c974 or 79c974)
+AMD PCnet/FAST
+Isolan AT 4141-0 (16 bit)
+Isolink 4110 (8 bit)
+PCnet/FAST+
+PCnet/FAST III
+PCnet/PRO
+PCnet/Home
+HomePNA
+SMC 83c17x (EPIC)-based Ethernet NICs ( + tx(4) driver)
+ +SMC EtherPower II 9432 series
+National Semiconductor DS8390-based Ethernet NICs, + including Novell NE2000 and clones ( + ed(4) driver)
+ +3C503 Etherlink II ( + ed(4) driver)
+DEC Etherworks DE305
+Hewlett-Packard PC Lan+ 27247B and 27252A
+NetVin 5000
+Novell NE1000, NE2000, and NE2100
+RealTek 8029
+SMC Elite 16 WD8013 Ethernet interface
+SMC Elite Ultra
+SMC WD8003E, WD8003EBT, WD8003W, WD8013W, WD8003S, + WD8003SBT and WD8013EBT and clones
+Surecom NE-34
+VIA VT86C926
+Winbond W89C940
+NE2000 compatible PC-Card (PCMCIA) Ethernet and + FastEthernet cards ( + ed(4) driver)
+ +AR-P500 Ethernet
+Accton EN2212/EN2216/UE2216
+Allied Telesis CentreCOM LA100-PCM_V2
+AmbiCom 10BaseT card
+BayNetworks NETGEAR FA410TXC Fast Ethernet
+CNet BC40 adapter
+COREGA Ether PCC-T/EtherII PCC-T/FEther + PCC-TXF/PCC-TXD
+Compex Net-A adapter
+CyQ've ELA-010
+D-Link DE-650/660
+Danpex EN-6200P2
+Elecom Laneed LD-CDL/TX
+IO DATA PCLATE
+IBM Creditcard Ethernet I/II
+IC-CARD Ethernet/IC-CARD+ Ethernet
+Linksys EC2T/PCMPC100,EtherFast 10/100 PC Card + (PCMPC100 V2)
+Melco + LPC-T/LPC2-T/LPC2-CLT/LPC2-TX/LPC3-TX/LPC3-CLX
+NDC Ethernet Instant-Link
+National Semiconductor InfoMover NE4100
+NetGear FA-410TX
+Network Everywhere Ethernet 10BaseT PC Card
+Planex FNW-3600-T
+Socket LP-E
+Surecom EtherPerfect EP-427
+TDK LAK-CD031,Grey Cell GCS2000 Ethernet Card
+Telecom Device SuperSocket RE450T
+RealTek RTL 8002 Pocket Ethernet ( + rdp(4) driver)
+ +RealTek 8129/8139 Fast Ethernet NICs ( + rl(4) driver)
+ +Accton ``Cheetah'' EN1207D (MPX 5030/5038; RealTek + 8139 clone)
+Allied Telesyn AT2550
+Allied Telesyn AT2500TX
+D-Link DFE-538TX
+Farallon NetLINE 10/100 PCI
+Genius GF100TXR (RTL8139)
+KTX-9130TX 10/100 Fast Ethernet
+NDC Communications NE100TX-E
+Netronix Inc. EA-1210 NetEther 10/100
+OvisLink LEF-8129TX
+OvisLink LEF-8139TX
+SMC EZ Card 10/100 PCI 1211-TX
+Lite-On 82c168/82c169 PNIC Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Kingston KNE110TX
+LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX
+Matrox FastNIC 10/100
+NetGear FA310-TX Rev. D1
+Macronix 98713, 98713A, 98715, 98715A and 98725 Fast + Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Accton EN1217 (98715A)
+Adico AE310TX (98715A)
+Compex RL100-TX (98713 or 98713A)
+CNet Pro120A (98713 or 98713A)
+CNet Pro120B (98715)
+NDC Communications SFA100A (98713A)
+SVEC PN102TX (98713)
+Macronix/Lite-On PNIC II LC82C115 Fast Ethernet NICs + ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX Version 2
+Winbond W89C840F Fast Ethernet NICs ( + wb(4) driver)
+ +Trendware TE100-PCIE
+VIA Technologies VT3043 ``Rhine I'' and VT86C100A + ``Rhine II'' Fast Ethernet NICs ( + vr(4) driver)
+ +AOpen/Acer ALN-320
+D-Link DFE-530TX
+Hawking Technologies PN102TX
+Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900 and SiS 7016 PCI + Fast Ethernet NICs ( + sis(4) driver)
+ +SiS 635 and 735 motherboard chipsets
+National Semiconductor DP83815 Fast Ethernet NICs ( + sis(4) driver)
+ +NetGear FA311-TX
+NetGear FA312-TX
+National Semiconductor DP83820 and DP83821 Gigabit + Ethernet NICs ( + nge(4) driver)
+ +Addtron AEG320T
+Asante FriendlyNet GigaNIC 1000TA and 1000TPC
+D-Link DGE-500T
+LinkSys EG1032 (32-bit PCI) and EG1064 (64-bit + PCI)
+Netgear GA622T
+SMC EZ Card 1000 (SMC9462TX)
+Surecom Technology EP-320G-TX
+Sundance Technologies ST201 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + ste(4) driver)
+ +D-Link DFE-550TX
+SysKonnect SK-984x PCI Gigabit Ethernet cards ( + sk(4) drivers)
+ +SK-9821 1000baseT copper, single port
+SK-9822 1000baseT copper, dual port
+SK-9841 1000baseLX single mode fiber, single + port
+SK-9842 1000baseLX single mode fiber, dual + port
+SK-9843 1000baseSX multimode fiber, single + port
+SK-9844 1000baseSX multimode fiber, dual port
+Texas Instruments ThunderLAN PCI NICs ( + tl(4) driver)
+ +Compaq Netelligent 10, 10/100, 10/100 + Dual-Port
+Compaq Netelligent 10/100 Proliant
+Compaq Netelligent 10/100 TX Embedded UTP, 10 T + PCI UTP/Coax, 10/100 TX UTP
+Compaq NetFlex 3P, 3P Integrated, 3P w/BNC
+Olicom OC-2135/2138, OC-2325, OC-2326 10/100 TX + UTP
+Racore 8165 10/100baseTX
+Racore 8148 10baseT/100baseTX/100baseFX + multi-personality
+ADMtek Inc. AL981-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +ADMtek Inc. AN985-based PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +LinkSys EtherFast LNE100TX v4.0/4.1
+ADMtek Inc. AN986-based USB Ethernet NICs ( + aue(4) driver)
+ +Billionton USB100
+D-Link DSB-650TX
+LinkSys USB100TX
+Melco Inc. LUA-TX
+SMC 2202USB
+CATC USB-EL1210A-based USB Ethernet NICs ( + cue(4) driver)
+ +Belkin F5U011
+Belkin F5U111
+CATC Netmate
+CATC Netmate II
+Kawasaki LSI KU5KUSB101B-based USB Ethernet NICs ( + kue(4) driver)
+ +3Com 3c19250
+Abocom URE 450
+ADS Technologies USB-10BT
+ATen UC10T
+Corega USB-T
+D-Link DSB-650
+Entrega NET-USB-E45
+LinkSys USB10T
+Netgear EA101
+Peracom USB Ethernet Adapter
+SMC 2102USB
+SMC 2104USB
+ASIX Electronics AX88140A PCI NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Alfa Inc. GFC2204
+CNet Pro110B
+DEC EtherWORKS II and III NICs ( + le(4) driver)
+ +DE200, DE201, DE202, DE422
+DE203, DE204, DE205
+DEC DC21040, DC21041, DC21140, DC21141, DC21142, and + DC21143 based NICs ( + de(4) driver)
+ +Asante
+Cogent EM100FX and EM440TX
+DEC DE425, DE435, DE450, and DE500
+SMC Etherpower 8432T, 9332, and 9334
+ZYNX ZX 3xx
+DEC/Intel 21143 based Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +DEC DE500
+Compaq Presario 7900 series built-in Ethernet
+D-Link DFE-570TX
+Kingston KNE100TX
+LinkSys EtherFast 10/100 Instant GigaDrive + built-in Ethernet
+Davicom DM9100 and DM9102 PCI Fast Ethernet NICs ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Jaton Corporation XpressNet
+Conexant LANfinity RS7112 (MiniPCI) ( + dc(4) driver)
+ +Fujitsu MB86960A/MB86965A based Fast Ethernet NICs ( + fe(4) driver)
+ +CONTEC C-NET(PC)C Ethernet
+Eiger Labs EPX-10BT
+Fujitsu FMV-J182, FMV-J182A, MBH10302, MBH10303 + Ethernet PCMCIA
+Fujitsu Towa LA501 Ethernet
+HITACHI HT-4840-11
+NextCom J Link NC5310
+RATOC REX-5588, REX-9822, REX-4886, REX-R280
+TDK LAK-CD021, LAK-CD021A, LAK-CD021BX
+Intel 82557- or 82559-based Fast Ethernet NICs ( + fxp(4) driver)
+ +Intel EtherExpress Pro/100B PCI Fast Ethernet
+Intel InBusiness 10/100 PCI Network Adapter
+Intel PRO/100+ Management Adapter
+Intel 82595-based Ethernet NICs ( + ex(4) driver)
+ +Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+ Ethernet
+Intel 82586-based Ethernet NICs ( + ie(4) driver)
+ +3Com 3C507 Etherlink 16/TP
+AT&T Starlan 10 and Starlan Fiber
+EN100
+Intel EtherExpress 16
+RACAL Interlan NI5210
+3Com 3C5x9 Etherlink III NICs ( + ep(4) driver)
+ +3C509
+3C529 MCA
+3C579 EISA
+3C589/589B/589C/589D/589E/XE589ET/574TX/574B + PC-card/PCMCIA
+3Com 3C501 8-bit ISA Ethernet NIC ( + el(4) driver)
+ +3Com Etherlink XL-based NICs ( + xl(4) driver)
+ +3C900/905/905B/905C PCI
+3C556/556B MiniPCI
+3C450-TX HomeConnect adapter
+3c980/3c980B Fast Etherlink XL server adapter
+3cSOHO100-TX OfficeConnect adapter
+Dell Optiplex GX1 on-board 3C918
+Dell On-board 3C920
+Dell Precision on-board 3C905B
+Dell Latitude laptop docking station embedded + 3C905-TX
+3Com 3C59X series NICs ( + vx(4) driver)
+ +3C590 Etherlink III (PCI)
+3C595 Fast Etherlink III (PCI)
+3C592/3C597 (EISA)
+Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0-based NICs ( + cs(4) driver)
+ +IBM Etherjet ISA
+Megahertz X-Jack Ethernet PC-Card CC-10BT (sn + driver)
+ +Xircom CreditCard adapters (16 bit) and workalikes (xe + driver)
+ +Accton EN2226/Fast EtherCard (16-bit verison)
+Compaq Netelligent 10/100 PC Card
+Intel EtherExpress PRO/100 Mobile Adapter (16-bit + verison)
+Xircom 10/100 Network PC Card adapter
+Xircom Realport card + modem(Ethernet part)
+Xircom CreditCard Ethernet 10/100
+Xircom CreditCard 10Base-T ``CreditCard Ethernet + Adapter IIps'' (PS-CE2-10)
+Xircom CreditCard Ethernet 10/100 + modem + (Ethernet part)
+National Semiconductor DP8393X (SONIC) Ethernet cards + (snc driver)
+ +NEC PC-9801-83, -84, -103, and -104
+NEC PC-9801N-25 and -J02R
+Gigabit Ethernet cards based on the Level 1 LXT1001 + NetCellerator controller ( + lge(4) driver)
+ +D-Link DGE-500SX
+SMC TigerCard 1000 (SMC9462SX)
+Ethernet and Fast Ethernet NICs based on the 3Com 3XP + Typhoon/Sidewinder (3CR990) chipset ( + txp(4) driver)
+ +3Com 3CR990-TX-95
+3Com 3CR990-TX-97
+3Com 3CR990B-SRV
+3Com 3CR990B-TXM
+3Com 3CR990SVR95
+3Com 3CR990SVR97
+Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Broadcom BCM570x + ( + bge(4) driver)
+ +3Com 3c996-T
+SysKonnect SK-9D21 and 9D41
+Built-in Gigabit Ethernet NICs on DELL PowerEdge + 2550 servers
+Gigabit Ethernet NICs based on the Intel 82542 and + 82543 controller chips ( + wx(4), + gx(4) and + em(4) drivers)
+ +Intel PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet
+++Note: The + wx(4) driver is + deprecated.
+
++Note: The + em(4) driver is + officially supported by Intel, but is only supported + on the i386.
+
DEC DEFPA PCI ( + fpa(4) driver)
+ +DEC DEFEA EISA ( + fpa(4) driver)
+Efficient Networks, Inc. ENI-155p ATM PCI Adapters + (hea driver)
+ +FORE Systems, Inc. PCA-200E ATM PCI Adapters (hfa + driver)
+ +The ATM support in FreeBSD supports the following + signaling protocols:
+ +The ATM Forum UNI 3.1 signaling protocol
+The ATM Forum UNI 3.0 signaling protocol
+The ATM Forum ILMI address registration
+FORE Systems' proprietary SPANS signaling + protocol
+Permanent Virtual Channels (PVCs)
+Support for the IETF ``Classical IP and ARP over ATM'' + model is provided, compliant with the following RFCs and + Internet Drafts:
+ +RFC 1483, ``Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM + Adaptation Layer 5''
+RFC 1577, ``Classical IP and ARP over ATM''
+RFC 1626, ``Default IP MTU for use over ATM + AAL5''
+RFC 1755, ``ATM Signaling Support for IP over + ATM''
+RFC 2225, ``Classical IP and ARP over ATM''
+RFC 2334, ``Server Cache Synchronization Protocol + (SCSP)''
+Internet Draft draft-ietf-ion-scsp-atmarp-00.txt, + ``A Distributed ATMARP Service Using SCSP''
+Support for an ATM sockets interface is also + provided.
+NCR / AT&T / Lucent Technologies WaveLan T1-speed + ISA/radio LAN cards ( + wl(4) driver)
+ +Lucent Technologies WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11 PCMCIA and ISA + standard speed (2Mbps) and turbo speed (6Mbps) wireless + network adapters and workalikes ( + wi(4) driver)
+ +++Note: The ISA versions of these adapters + are actually PCMCIA cards combined with an ISA to + PCMCIA bridge card, so both kinds of devices work + with the same driver.
+
NCR WaveLAN/IEEE 802.11
+3COM 3crwe737A AirConnect Wireless LAN PC Card
+Addtron AWA100
+Cabletron RoamAbout 802.11 DS
+Compaq WL100
+Corega KK Wireless LAN PCC-11
+ELECOM Air@Hawk/LD-WL11/PCC
+Farallon Skyline 11Mbps Wireless
+ICOM SL-1100
+Laneed Wireless card
+Melco Airconnect WLI-PCM-L11
+NEC Wireless Card CMZ-RT-WP
+PLANEX GeoWave/GW-NS110
+TDK LAK-CD011WL
+Aironet 802.11 wireless adapters ( + an(4) driver)
+ +Aironet 4500/4800 series (PCMCIA, PCI, and ISA + adapters are all supported)
+Cisco Systems Aironet 340 and 350 series (PCMCIA, + PCI, and ISA adapters are all supported)
+Raytheon Raylink 2.4GHz wireless adapters ( + ray(4) driver)
+ +Webgear Aviator
+Webgear Aviator Pro
+Raylink PC Card
+AMD Am79C930 and Harris (Intersil) based 802.11 cards + (awi driver)
+ +BayStack 650 and 660
+Farallon SkyLINE Wireless
+Icom SL-200
+Melco WLI-PCM
+NEL SSMagic
+Netwave AirSurfer Plus and AirSurfer Pro
+ZoomAir 4000
+Granch SBNI12 point-to-point communications adapters + (sbni driver)
+ +SBNI12-XX and SBNI12D-XX ISA and PCI
+AcerISDN P10 ISA PnP (experimental)
+ +Asuscom ISDNlink 128K ISA
+ +ASUSCOM P-IN100-ST-D (and other Winbond W6692-based + cards)
+ +AVM
+ +A1
+B1 ISA (tested with V2.0)
+B1 PCI (tested with V4.0)
+Fritz!Card classic
+Fritz!Card PnP
+Fritz!Card PCI
+T1
+Creatix
+ +ISDN-S0
+ISDN-S0 P&P
+Compaq Microcom 610 ISDN (Compaq series PSB2222I) ISA + PnP
+ +Dr. Neuhaus Niccy Go@ and compatibles
+ +Dynalink IS64PH
+ +Eicon Diehl DIVA 2.0 and 2.02
+ +ELSA
+ +ELSA PCC-16
+QuickStep 1000pro ISA
+MicroLink ISDN/PCI
+QuickStep 1000pro PCI
+ITK ix1 Micro ( < V.3, non-PnP version )
+ +Sedlbauer Win Speed
+ +Siemens I-Surf 2.0
+ +TELEINT ISDN SPEED No.1 (experimental)
+ +Teles
+ +S0/8
+S0/16
+S0/16.3
+S0/16.3 PnP
+16.3c ISA PnP (experimental)
+Teles PCI-TJ
+Traverse Technologies NETjet-S PCI
+ +USRobotics Sportster ISDN TA intern
+ +Winbond W6692 based PCI cards
+AST 4 port serial card using shared IRQ
+ +ARNET serial cards ( + ar(4) driver)
+ +ARNET 8 port serial card using shared IRQ
+ARNET (now Digiboard) Sync 570/i high-speed + serial
+Boca multi-port serial cards
+ +Boca BB1004 4-Port serial card (Modems not + supported)
+Boca IOAT66 6-Port serial card (Modems + supported)
+Boca BB1008 8-Port serial card (Modems not + supported)
+Boca BB2016 16-Port serial card (Modems + supported)
+Comtrol Rocketport card (rp driver)
+ +Cyclades Cyclom-y serial board ( + cy(4) driver)
+ +STB 4 port card using shared IRQ
+ +DigiBoard intelligent serial cards ( + dgb(4) driver)
+ +DigiBoard PC/Xe series
+DigiBoard PC/Xi series
+SDL Communication serial boards
+ +SDL Communications Riscom/8 Serial Board (rc + driver)
+SDL Communications RISCom/N2 and N2pci high-speed + sync serial boards ( + sr(4) driver)
+Stallion Technologies multiport serial boards
+ +EasyIO ( + stl(4) driver)
+EasyConnection 8/32 ( + stl(4) driver)
+EasyConnection 8/64 ( + stli(4) driver)
+ONboard 4/16 ( + stli(4) driver)
+Brumby ( + stli(4) driver)
+Specialix SI/XIO/SX multiport serial cards, with both + the older SIHOST2.x and the new ``enhanced'' (transputer + based, aka JET) host cards (ISA, EISA and PCI are + supported) ( + si(4) driver)
+Advance ( + sbc(4) driver)
+ +Asound 100 and 110
+Logic ALS120 and ALS4000
+CMedia sound chips
+ +CMI8338/CMI8738
+Crystal Semiconductor ( + csa(4) driver)
+ +CS461x/462x Audio Accelerator
+CS428x Audio Controller
+ENSONIQ ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +AudioPCI ES1370/1371
+ESS
+ +ES1868, ES1869, ES1879 and ES1888 ( + sbc(4) driver)
+Maestro-1, Maestro-2, and Maestro-2E
+Maestro-3/Allegro
+ +++Note: The Maestro-3/Allegro cannot be + compiled into the FreeBSD kernel due to licensing + restrictions. To use this driver, add the + following line to /boot/loader.conf:
++ snd_maestro3_load="YES" ++
ForteMedia fm801
+ +Gravis ( + gusc(4) driver)
+ +UltraSound MAX
+UltraSound PnP
+Intel 443MX, 810, 815, and 815E integrated sound + devices ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +MSS/WSS Compatible DSPs ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +NeoMagic 256AV/ZX ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +OPTi 931/82C931 ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +S3 Sonicvibes
+ +Creative Technologies SoundBlaster series ( + sbc(4) driver)
+ +SoundBlaster
+SoundBlaster Pro
+SoundBlaster AWE-32
+SoundBlaster AWE-64
+SoundBlaster AWE-64 GOLD
+SoundBlaster ViBRA-16
+Trident 4DWave DX/NX ( + pcm(4) driver)
+ +VIA Technologies VT82C686A
+ +Yamaha
+ +DS1
+DS1e
+Brooktree Bt848/849/878/879-based frame grabbers ( + bktr(4) driver)
+ +AverMedia cards
+Hauppauge Wincast TV and WinTV boards (PCI)
+Intel Smart Video Recorder III
+Miro PC TV
+STB TV PCI
+Video Highway XTreme
+VideoLogic Captivator PCI
+Connectix QuickCam
+ +Cortex1 frame grabber (ctx driver)
+ +Creative Labs Video Spigot frame grabber (spigot + driver)
+ +Matrox Meteor Video frame grabber ( + meteor(4) driver)
+A range of USB peripherals are supported; devices + known to work are listed in this section. Owing to the + generic nature of most USB devices, with some exceptions + any device of a given class will be supported, even if + not explicitly listed here.
+ +++Note: USB Ethernet adapters can be found in + the section listing Ethernet + interfaces.
+
Host Controllers ( + ohci(4) and + uhci(4) drivers)
+ +ALi Aladdin-V
+AMD-756
+CMD Tech 670 & 673
+Intel 82371SB (PIIX3)
+Intel 82371AB and EB (PIIX4)
+Intel 82801AA (ICH)
+Intel 82801AB (ICH0)
+Intel 82801BA/BAM (ICH2)
+Intel 82443MX
+NEC uPD 9210
+OPTi 82C861 (FireLink)
+SiS 5571
+VIA 83C572 USB
+UHCI or OHCI compliant motherboard chipsets (no + exceptions known)
+USB host controllers (PCI)
+ +ADS Electronics PCI plug-in card (2 ports)
+Entrega PCI plug-in card (4 ports)
+Hubs
+ +Andromeda hub
+MacAlly self powered hub (4 ports)
+NEC hub
+Keyboards ( + ukbd(4) driver)
+ +Apple iMac keyboard
+BTC BTC7935 keyboard with PS/2 mouse port
+Cherry G81-3504 keyboard
+Logitech M2452 keyboard
+MacAlly iKey keyboard
+Microsoft keyboard
+Miscellaneous
+ +ActiveWire I/O Board
+Diamond Rio 500, 600, and 800 MP3 players ( + urio(4) driver)
+Modems (umodem driver)
+ +3Com 5605
+Metricom Ricochet GS USB wireless modem
+Mice ( + ums(4) driver)
+ +Agiler Mouse 29UO
+Apple iMac Mouse
+Belkin Mouse
+Chic mouse
+Cypress mouse
+Genius Niche mouse
+Kensington Mouse-in-a-Box
+Logitech wheel mouse (3 buttons)
+Logitech PS/2 / USB mouse (3 buttons)
+MacAlly mouse (3 buttons)
+Microsoft IntelliMouse (3 buttons)
+Trust Ami Mouse (3 buttons)
+Printers and parallel printer conversion cables (ulpt + driver)
+ +ATen parallel printer adapter
+Belkin F5U002 parallel printer adapter
+Entrega USB-to-parallel printer adapter
+Scanners (through SANE) ( + uscanner(4) driver)
+ +Perfection 636U
+HP ScanJet 4100C, 5200C, 6300C
+Storage ( + umass(4) driver)
+ +Iomega USB Zip 100Mb (primitive support still)
+Matshita CF-VFDU03 floppy drive
+Microtech USB-SCSI-HD 50 USB to SCSI cable
+Panasonic floppy drive
+Y-E Data floppy drive (720/1.44/2.88Mb)
+FAX-Modem/PCCARD
+ +Melco IGM-PCM56K/IGM-PCM56KH
+Nokia Card Phone 2.0 (gsm900/dcs1800 HSCSD + terminal)
+Floppy drives ( + fd(4) driver)
+ +Genius and Mustek hand scanners
+ +GPB and Transputer drivers
+ +Keyboards including:
+ +AT-style keyboards
+PS/2 keyboards
+USB keyboards (specific instances are listed in + the section describing USB + devices)
+Loran-C receiver (Dave Mills experimental hardware, + loran driver).
+ +Mice including:
+ +Bus mice ( + mse(4) driver)
+PS/2 mice ( + psm(4) driver)
+Serial mice
+USB mice (specific instances are listed in the + section describing USB + devices)
+Parallel ports ( + ppc(4) driver)
+ +PC-compatible joysticks ( + joy(4) driver)
+ +PHS Data Communication Card/PCCARD
+ +NTT DoCoMo P-in Comp@ct
+Panasonic KX-PH405
+SII MC-P200
+Serial ports ( + sio(4) driver)
+ +X-10 power controllers ( + tw(4) driver)
+ +Xilinx XC6200-based reconfigurable hardware cards + compatible with the HOT1 from Virtual Computers + (xrpu driver).
+This file, and other release-related + documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/.
+ +For questions about FreeBSD, read the + documentation + before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
+ +For questions about this + documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.
+Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002 by + The FreeBSD Documentation Project
+ +$FreeBSD:
+ src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/common/new.sgml,v
+ 1.22.2.191.2.1 2002/01/25 20:58:19 bmah Exp $
+
The release notes for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE contain a + summary of the changes made in the FreeBSD base system + since 4.4-RELEASE. Both changes for kernel and userland + are listed, as well as applicable security advisories + for the base system that were issued since the last + release. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also + presented.
+This document contains the release notes for FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE on the Alpha/AXP hardware platform. It + describes new features of FreeBSD that have been added (or + changed) since 4.4-RELEASE. It also provides some notes on + upgrading from previous versions of FreeBSD.
+ +This distribution of FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE is a release + distribution. It can be found at ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/ or + any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or + other) release distributions of FreeBSD can be found in the + ``Obtaining FreeBSD'' appendix in the FreeBSD Handbook.
+This section describes the most user-visible new or + changed features in FreeBSD since 4.4-RELEASE. Typical + release note items document new drivers or hardware + support, new commands or options, major bugfixes, or + contributed software upgrades. Security advisories for the + base system that were issued after 4.4-RELEASE are also + listed.
+ +Many additional changes were made to FreeBSD that are + not listed here for lack of space. For example, + documentation was corrected and improved, minor bugs were + fixed, insecure coding practices were audited and + corrected, and source code was cleaned up.
+ +The kern.maxvnodes limit now + properly limits the number of vnodes in use. Previously + only vnodes with no cached pages could be freed; this + could allow the number of vnodes to grow without limit on + large-memory machines accessing many small files. A vnlru kernel thread helps to flush + and reuse vnodes.
+ +Linux emulation now supports the kernel functionality + required by the + emulators/linux_base-7 (RedHat + 7.X emulation) port.
+ +A MAXMEM kernel option, along + with the hw.physmem loader + tunable, can be used to artificially reduce the memory + size of a machine for testing (or other purposes).
+ +The kernel configuration parameters MAXTSIZ, DFLDSIZ, + MAXDSIZ, DFLSSIZ, MAXSSIZ, + and SGROWSIZ are all loader + tunables (kern.maxtsiz, kern.maxdfldsiz, etc.).
+ +Specifying a value of 0 for + the maxusers kernel + configuration parameter will now cause an appropriate + value to be calculated at boot-time (between 32 and 384, + depending on the amount of memory present). This value is + now the default for all GENERIC + kernels.
+ +The console driver has gained support for TGA-based + display adapters.
+ +Coredumps of large processes (or of a large number of + processes) no longer lock up the machine for long periods + of time.
+ +The system load average computation now adds some + jitter to the timing of samples, in order to avoid + synchronization with processes that run periodically.
+ +If a debugging kernel with modules is being built + (i.e. using makeoptions + DEBUG=-g), the modules will now be built with + debugging support as well, for completeness. A side + effect of this change is that modules built and installed + with debugging kernels will now occupy more space on disk + than they did previously.
+ +Compaq Tru64 and FreeBSD keep the year in the TOY + clock chip in different formats. Compaq Tru64 uses a + year-value that is 52 years higher than FreeBSD. In order + to allow dual booting of an Alpha machine without + clobbering the TOY clock setting, FreeBSD now supports a + boot environment variable clock_compat_osf1 to use Tru64's year + values. By setting this variable to 1 from the ok + prompt of the loader or by putting clock_compat_osf1=1 in /boot/loader.conf, an Alpha can be dual + booted without ``time warps''.
+ +The kernel on the installation CDs is now separated + from the mfsroot image. This + provides more flexibility when building custom FreeBSD + distributions.
+ +The machine dependent code has been corrected to + allow FreeBSD to run on Alphaserver 2100 and 2100A + machines based on EV5 Alpha processors. Machines with + EV4 Alpha processors were already supported.
+The FreeBSD boot loader is now capable of booting + from filesystems with block sizes larger than 8K.
+The + an(4) driver now + supports ``monitor'' mode, settable via the -M option to + ancontrol(8).
+ +The + dc(4) driver now + supports NICs based on the Conexant LANfinity RS7112 + chip.
+ +The + de(4) driver now + performs round-robin arbitration between the transmit + and receive units of the 21143, instead of giving + priority to the receive unit. This gives a 10-15% + performance improvement in the forwarding rate under + heavy load.
+ +The dgm driver has been updated from FreeBSD + -CURRENT.
+ +The + faith(4) device is + now loadable, unloadable, and clonable.
+ +The + fxp(4) driver now + supports Intel's loadable microcode to implement + receive-side interrupt coalescing and packet bundling, + on NICs that support these features. This support can + be activated by the use of the link0 option to + ifconfig(8).
+ +The + gx(4) driver has been + added to support NICs based on the Intel 82542 and + 82543 Gigabit Ethernet controller chips. Both fiber and + copper variants of the cards are supported. Both boards + support VLAN tagging/insertion, and the 82543 + additionally supports TCP/IP checksum offload.
+ +The + sis(4) driver now + supports the SiS 900-style on-board Ethernet + controllers in the SiS 635 and 735 motherboard + chipsets.
+ +The + sis(4) driver now + supports VLANs.
+ ++ vlan(4) devices are + now loadable, unloadable, and clonable.
+ +The + wx(4) driver is now + deprecated; it is now officially unmaintained. Users + with Intel Pro/1000 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces should + use either the + em(4) driver or the + + gx(4) driver. (The + em(4) driver is + supported by Intel, but only works on the i386 + architecture. The + gx(4) driver was + developed by the FreeBSD Project, and is + multi-platform.)
+ +The + xl(4) driver now + supports send- and receive-side TCP/IP checksum + offloading for NICs implementing this feature, such as + the 3C905B, 3C905C, and 3C980C.
+ +A bug in the + xl(4) driver, related + to statistics overflow interrupt handling, was causing + slowdowns at medium to high packet rates; this has been + fixed.
+ +The per-interface ifnet + structure now has the ability to indicate a set of + capabilities supported by a network interface, and + which ones are enabled. + ifconfig(8) has + support for querying these capabilities.
+ +Performance with hosts having a large number of IP + aliases has been improved, by replacing the + per-interface if_inaddr linear + list with a hash table.
+The read timeout feature of + bpf(4) now works more + correctly with + select(2)/ + poll(2), and + therefore with pthreads.
+ ++ bridge(4) and + dummynet(4) have + received some enhancements and bug fixes, and are now + loadable modules.
+ +A bug in the TCP NewReno implementation, which could + cause degraded throughput under certain circumstances, + has been fixed.
+ +TCP's default buffer sizes, controlled by the net.inet.tcp.sendspace and net.inet.tcp.recvspace sysctl + variables, have been increased to 32K and 64K + respectively. Previously, the default for both buffer + sizes was 16K. To try to avoid increasing congestion, + the default value for net.inet.tcp.local_slowstart_flightsize + has been changed from infinity to 4.
+ +++Note: On busy hosts, the new larger + buffer sizes may require manually increasing the + NMBCLUSTERS parameter, + either in the kernel configuration file or via the + kern.ipc.nmbclusters + loader tunable. netstat + -mb can be used to monitor the state of mbuf + clusters.
+
A bug in the TCP implementation, which could cause + connections to stall if a sender saw a zero-sized + window, has been corrected.
+ +The TCP implementation in FreeBSD now implements a + cache of outstanding, received SYN segments. Incoming + SYN segments now cause entries to be placed in the + cache until the TCP three-way handshake is complete, at + which point, memory is allocated for the connection as + usual. In addition, all TCP Initial Sequence Numbers + (ISNs) are used as cookies, allowing entries in the + cache to be dropped, but still have their corresponding + ACKs accepted later. The combination of the so-called + ``syncache'' and ``syncookies'' features makes a host + much more resistant to TCP-based Denial of Service + attacks. Work on this feature was sponsored by DARPA + and NAI Labs.
+The + ata(4) driver now + supports a wider variety of chipsets, as listed in the + Hardware Notes.
+ +The + ata(4) driver now has + support for 48-bit addressing. Devices larger than + 137GB are now supported.
+ +The + ata(4) driver now + contains fixes for some data corruption problems on + systems using the VIA 82C686B Southbridge chip.
+ +Floppy access on the Alphaserver DS10 and DS20 is + broken. Use results in corrupted floppies and/or + machine crashes.
+ +The + isp(4) driver now + supports the Qlogic 2300 and 2312 Optical Fibre Channel + PCI cards.
+The directory layout preference algorithm for FFS + (dirprefs) has been changed. + Rather than scattering directory blocks across a disk, + it attempts to group related directory blocks together. + Operations traversing large directory hierarchies, such + as the FreeBSD Ports tree, have shown marked speedups. + This change is transparent and automatic for new + directories.
+ +The virtual memory subsystem now backs UFS directory + memory requirements by default (this behavior is + controlled via the vfs.vmiodirenable sysctl variable).
+ +A bug that prevented the root filesystem from being + mounted from a SCSI CDROM has been fixed (ATAPI CDROMs + were always supported).
+ +The UFS_DIRHASH hash-based + lookup optimization for large directories is now + enabled by default in the GENERIC kernel.
+ +A number of bugs in the filesystem code, discovered + through the use of the fsx + filesystem test tool, have been fixed. Under certain + circumstances (primarily related to use of NFS), these + bugs could cause data corruption or kernel panics.
+The + urio(4) driver, for + the Diamond Rio series of MP3 players, has been added. + (For some reason, a manual page for this driver was + committed to FreeBSD 4.3-RELEASE.)
+Per-user ~/.login.conf files + were disabled in FreeBSD 4.4-RELEASE to avoid a security + hole caused by a bug. The bug was fixed and this feature + has been re-enabled.
+ +A security hole in OpenSSH, + which could allow users to execute code with arbitrary + privileges if UseLogin yes was + set, has been closed. Note that the default value of this + setting is UseLogin no. (See + security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:63.)
+ +The use of an insecure temporary directory by + pkg_add(1) could permit + a local attacker to modify the contents of binary + packages while they were being installed. This hole has + been closed. (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:01.)
+ +A race condition in + pw(8), which could + expose the contents of /etc/master.passwd, has been eliminated. + (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:02.)
+ +A bug in + k5su(8) could have + allowed a process that had given up superuser privileges + to regain them. This bug has been fixed. (See security + advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:07.)
+ +A race condition in the + exec(3) system call, + which could result in local users obtaining increased + privileges, has been fixed. (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:08.)
++ arp(8) now prints the + applicable interface name for each ARP entry.
+ ++ cat(1) now has the + ability to read from UNIX-domain sockets.
+ ++ edquota(8) now takes a + -f option to allow limiting the + prototype quota distribution (specified with -p) to a single filesystem.
+ ++ find(1) can now take + various units of time to be applied to the -[acm]time primaries.
+ ++ fmt(1) has been + rewritten; the rewrite fixes a number of bugs compared to + its prior behavior.
+ ++ ftpd(8) now supports + -o and -O + options to disable the RETR + command; the former for everybody, and the latter only + for guest users. Coupled with -A + and appropriate file permissions, these can be used to + create a relatively safe anonymous FTP drop box for + others to upload to.
+ +The + groups(1) and + whoami(1) shell scripts + are now unnecessary; their functionality has been + completely folded into + id(1).
+ ++ ipfw(8) will now avoid + the display of dynamic firewall rules unless the -d flag is passed to it. The -e option lists expired dynamic + rules.
+ ++ ipfw(8) has a new limit type of firewall rule, which + limits the number of sessions between address pairs.
+ ++ keyinfo(1) is now a C + program, rather than a Perl script.
+ +libfetch has been + synchronized to the version in FreeBSD -CURRENT; among + other features, it now has support for an authentication + callback.
+ +libstand now has support for + filesystems containing bzip2-compressed files.
+ +Locale names have been renamed to improve + compatibility with the names used by X11R6, as well as a + number of other UNIX versions. As an example, the en_US.ISO_8859-1 locale name has + been changed to en_US.ISO8859-1. + Entries in /etc/locale.alias, + /etc/man.alias, and /etc/nls.alias provide backward + compatibility. The table below summarizes the locale + changes:
+ +| FreeBSD + 4.4-RELEASE | + +FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE | +
|---|---|
| ISO_* | + +ISO* | +
| ru_SU* | + +ru_RU* | +
| DIS_* | + +ISO*-15 | +
| *.ASCII | + +*.US-ASCII | +
+ lpd(8) now has some + support for o-type print-file + actions in its control files, which allows printing of + PostScript files generated by MacOS 10.1.
+ ++ natd(8) now supports a + -log_ipfw_denied option to log + packets that cannot be re-injected because they are + blocked by + ipfw(8) rules.
+ ++ netstat(1) now has a + -z flag to reset statistics.
+ ++ netstat(1) now has a + -S flag to print addresses + numerically but port names symbolically.
+ +The default number of cylinders per group in + newfs(8) is now + computed to be the maximum allowable given the current + filesystem parameters. It can be overridden with the -c option. Formerly, the default was + fixed at 16. This change leads to better + fsck(8) performance and + reduced fragmentation.
+ +The default block + and fragment sizes for new filesystems created by + newfs(8) are now 16384 + and 2048 bytes, respectively (the old defaults were 8192 + and 1024 bytes). This change generally provides increased + performance, at the expense of some wasted disk + space.
+ ++ newsyslog(8) now has + the ability to compress log files using + bzip2(1).
+ ++ nl(1), a line numbering + filter program, has been added.
+ ++ pciconf(8) now supports + a -v option to display the + vendor/device information of configured devices, in + conjunction with the -l option. + The default vendor/device database can be found at /usr/share/misc/pci_vendors.
+ ++ ping(8) now supports a + -A option to beep when packets + are lost.
+ ++ route(8) is now more + verbose when changing indirect routes, in the case of a + gateway route that is the same route as the one being + modified.
+ ++ route(8) now uses host/bits syntax instead of net/bits syntax, for + compatibility with + netstat(1).
+ ++ route(8) can now create + ``proxy only'' published ARP entries.
+ +The + route(8) add command now supports the -ifp and -ifa + modifiers.
+ ++ send-pr(1) now takes a + -a option to include a file into + the Fix: section of a problem + report.
+ ++ sh(1) now implements + test as a built-in command for + improved efficiency.
+ ++ sysctl(8) now supports + a -e option to separate variable + names and values by = rather + than :. This feature is useful + for producing output that can be fed back to + sysctl(8).
+ ++ sysinstall(8) now has + the ability to load KLDs as a part of the + installation.
+ +When run from the installation media, + sysinstall(8) will + automatically load any device drivers found in the /stand/modules directory of the mfsroot floppy or filesystem image. + Note that any drivers so loaded will not appear in the + kernel's boot messages; the + sysinstall(8) debugging + screen will provide additional information.
+ ++ sysinstall(8) now + enables Soft Updates by default on all filesystems it + creates, except for the root filesystem.
+ ++ sysinstall(8) has + received updates for its ``auto'' partitioning mode which + provide more reasonable defaults for the sizes of + partitions that are created; auto-sized partitions can + now also recover the space that becomes available when + other partitions are deleted.
+ ++ syslogd(8) now has the + ability to bind to a specific address (as opposed to + using every available one) via the -b option.
+ ++ syslogd(8) now accepts + a -c flag to disable repeated + line compression.
+ +Previously, + vnconfig(8) was only + capable of configuring 16 devices when invoked with the + -f (configuration file) option. + This limit has been removed.
+ ++ wall(1) now supports a + -g flag to write a message to all + users of a given group.
+ ++ whois(1) supports a -c option to specify a country code + to help direct queries towards a particular whois + server.
+ +The version of IPFilter + provided with FreeBSD now includes the + ipfs(8) program, + which allows state information created for NAT entries + and stateful rules to be saved to disk and restored + after a reboot. Boot-time configuration of these + features is supported by + rc.conf(5).
+ +The NTP suite of programs + has been updated to 4.1.0.
+ +OpenSSH has been updated + to version 2.9, which adds two new programs, + sftp(1) and + ssh-keyscan(1). Among + the various enhancements: Rekeying of existing SSH + sessions is now supported, + ssh-agent(1) now + supports authentication forwarding for DSA keys, and an + experimental SOCKS4 proxy + has been added to + ssh(1).
+ +++Note: Protocol + 1,2 remains the default protocol setting in + /etc/ssh/ssh_config. In + FreeBSD -CURRENT, the default is Protocol 2,1.
+
The smmsp and mailnull users have been added to /etc/master.passwd. In the + absence of a confDEF_USER_ID + setting, by default, sendmail will use the mailnull user for extra security. + Previously, if the mailnull + user did not exist, the daemon user was used. This change may + generate some permissions issues when mailing to files + or to programs (such as + mail/majordomo). The previous + behavior can be restored by adding the following line + to a system's *.mc configuration + file:
++ define(`confDEF_USER_ID', `daemon') ++
tcsh has been updated to + version 6.11.
+ +The timezone database has been updated to the tzdata2001d release.
+ +CVS has been updated to + 1.11.1p1.
+ ++ cvs(1) now supports + a -T option to update a + sandbox's CVS/Template file + from the repository.
+ ++ cvs(1) diff now supports the -j option to perform differences + against a revision relative to a branch tag.
+Due to delays in the certification process, native + JDK support for FreeBSD will + be released shortly after 4.5-RELEASE. An announcement + will be made on the FreeBSD Web site, as well as the + FreeBSD announcements mailing list <freebsd-announce@FreeBSD.org>, + when the distribution is available.
+ ++ pkg_create(1) now + supports a -b option to create + a package file from a locally-installed package.
+ ++ pkg_delete(1) now + supports a -r option for + recursive package removal.
+ +Version 4.2.0 of XFree86 + was released just a few days before the shipping date + for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE. As a result, the FreeBSD team + did not have time to test and evaluate the new version + for inclusion in the release. Therefore, FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE includes the older 4.1.0 version of the XFree86 package. Installing a + newer version of XFree86 can + be done using an up-to-date (post-release) copy of the + FreeBSD Ports Collection; instructions for doing so can + be found in the Using the Ports Collection section + of the FreeBSD Handbook.
+If you're upgrading from a previous release of FreeBSD, + you generally will have three options:
+ +Using the binary upgrade option of + sysinstall(8). This + option is perhaps the quickest, although it presumes + that your installation of FreeBSD uses no special + compilation options.
+Performing a complete reinstall of FreeBSD. + Technically, this is not an upgrading method, and in + any case is usually less convenient than a binary + upgrade, in that it requires you to manually backup and + restore the contents of /etc. + However, it may be useful in cases where you want (or + need) to change the partitioning of your disks.
+From source code in /usr/src. This route is more flexible, + but requires more disk space, time, and more technical + expertise. Upgrading from very old versions of FreeBSD + may be problematic; in cases like this, it is usually + more effective to perform a binary upgrade or a + complete reinstall.
+Please read the INSTALL.TXT + file for more information, preferably before beginning + an upgrade. If you are upgrading from source, please be + sure to read /usr/src/UPDATING as + well.
+ +Finally, if you want to use one of various means to + track the -STABLE or -CURRENT branches of FreeBSD, please + be sure to consult the ``-CURRENT vs. -STABLE'' section of the + FreeBSD Handbook.
+ +++Important: Upgrading FreeBSD should, of + course, only be attempted after backing up all data and + configuration files.
+
This file, and other release-related + documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/.
+ +For questions about FreeBSD, read the + documentation + before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
+ +For questions about this + documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.
+Copyright © 2000, 2001, 2002 by + The FreeBSD Documentation Project
+ +$FreeBSD:
+ src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/relnotes/common/new.sgml,v
+ 1.22.2.191.2.1 2002/01/25 20:58:19 bmah Exp $
+
The release notes for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE contain a + summary of the changes made in the FreeBSD base system + since 4.4-RELEASE. Both changes for kernel and userland + are listed, as well as applicable security advisories + for the base system that were issued since the last + release. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also + presented.
+This document contains the release notes for FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE on the IA-32 hardware platform. It describes + new features of FreeBSD that have been added (or changed) + since 4.4-RELEASE. It also provides some notes on upgrading + from previous versions of FreeBSD.
+ +This distribution of FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE is a release + distribution. It can be found at ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/ or + any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or + other) release distributions of FreeBSD can be found in the + ``Obtaining FreeBSD'' appendix in the FreeBSD Handbook.
+This section describes the most user-visible new or + changed features in FreeBSD since 4.4-RELEASE. Typical + release note items document new drivers or hardware + support, new commands or options, major bugfixes, or + contributed software upgrades. Security advisories for the + base system that were issued after 4.4-RELEASE are also + listed.
+ +Many additional changes were made to FreeBSD that are + not listed here for lack of space. For example, + documentation was corrected and improved, minor bugs were + fixed, insecure coding practices were audited and + corrected, and source code was cleaned up.
+ +The + amdpm(4) driver has + been added to provide access to the system monitoring + functions of the AMD 756 chip set.
+ +The kern.maxvnodes limit now + properly limits the number of vnodes in use. Previously + only vnodes with no cached pages could be freed; this + could allow the number of vnodes to grow without limit on + large-memory machines accessing many small files. A vnlru kernel thread helps to flush + and reuse vnodes.
+ +A new KVA_SPACE kernel option + can be used to reconfigure the size of the kernel virtual + address space.
+ +Linux emulation now supports the kernel functionality + required by the + emulators/linux_base-7 (RedHat + 7.X emulation) port.
+ +The kernel configuration parameters MAXTSIZ, DFLDSIZ, + MAXDSIZ, DFLSSIZ, MAXSSIZ, + and SGROWSIZ are all loader + tunables (kern.maxtsiz, kern.maxdfldsiz, etc.).
+ +Specifying a value of 0 for + the maxusers kernel + configuration parameter will now cause an appropriate + value to be calculated at boot-time (between 32 and 384, + depending on the amount of memory present). This value is + now the default for all GENERIC + kernels.
+ +The pmc driver, which supports the power management + controller of the NEC PC-98NOTE, has been added.
+ +The load addresses of kernels are now exported to the + symbol table and various hard-coded constants have been + removed so that utilities such as + ps(1) can work with + kernels compiled at different addresses.
+ +Coredumps of large processes (or of a large number of + processes) no longer lock up the machine for long periods + of time.
+ +The number of memory pages allocated for the + per-process kernel state has been increased from 2 to 3, + to reduce the likelihood of kernel stack overflow (and + subsequent corruption of per-process data + structures).
+ +The system load average computation now adds some + jitter to the timing of samples, in order to avoid + synchronization with processes that run periodically.
+ +If a debugging kernel with modules is being built + (i.e. using makeoptions + DEBUG=-g), the modules will now be built with + debugging support as well, for completeness. A side + effect of this change is that modules built and installed + with debugging kernels will now occupy more space on disk + than they did previously.
+ +The kernel on the installation CDs is now separated + from the mfsroot image. This + provides more flexibility when building custom FreeBSD + distributions.
+ + + +A new cdboot bootstrap + utility for CDROMs provides better compatability with + some BIOS implementations that do not completely + implement the El Torito bootable CDROM standard. This + boot loader supports ``no emulation'' mode booting, + thus eliminating the need for an emulated floppy disk + image on a bootable CDROM. This in turn permits the use + of a full kernel when installing from CD on machines + that support CD booting (instead of the stripped-down + kernel used on floppies).
+ +++Note: While this functionality is not + used in the FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE ISO images, it may + be used for future releases. In the meantime, this + feature is available for users constructing custom + distributions.
+
The + loader(8) now has + optional support (enabled at compile-time, off by + default) for loading bzip2-compressed kernels and + modules.
+ +The FreeBSD boot loader is now capable of booting + from filesystems with 16K disk blocks (the old limit + was 8K).
+ +The FreeBSD boot loader now supports a -p flag to force the kernel to pause + after each line of output during the probing phase.
+The + an(4) driver now + supports ``monitor'' mode, settable via the -M option to + ancontrol(8).
+ +The + bge(4) driver has + been added to support the Broadcom BCM570x family of + Gigabit Ethernet controllers, including the 3Com + 3c996-T, the SysKonnect SK-9D21 and SK-9D41, and the + built-in Gigabit Ethernet NICs on Dell PowerEdge 2550 + servers. Output TCP/IP checksum offload, jumbo frames + and VLAN tag insertion/stripping are supported, as well + as interrupt moderation.
+ +The + dc(4) driver now + supports NICs based on the Conexant LANfinity RS7112 + chip.
+ +The + de(4) driver now + performs round-robin arbitration between the transmit + and receive units of the 21143, instead of giving + priority to the receive unit. This gives a 10-15% + performance improvement in the forwarding rate under + heavy load.
+ +The dgm driver has been updated from FreeBSD + -CURRENT.
+ +The + em(4) driver has been + added to support NICs based on the Intel 82542, 82543, + and 82544 Gigabit Ethernet controller chips. The driver + supports transmit/receive checksum offload and jumbo + frames on 82543 and 82544-based adapters.
+ +The + faith(4) device is + now loadable, unloadable, and clonable.
+ +The + fxp(4) driver now + supports Intel's loadable microcode to implement + receive-side interrupt coalescing and packet bundling, + on NICs that support these features. This support can + be activated by the use of the link0 option to + ifconfig(8).
+ +The + gx(4) driver has been + added to support NICs based on the Intel 82542 and + 82543 Gigabit Ethernet controller chips. Both fiber and + copper variants of the cards are supported. Both boards + support VLAN tagging/insertion, and the 82543 + additionally supports TCP/IP checksum offload.
+ +The sbni driver, for supporting the Granch SBNI12 + series of ISA and PCI point-to-point communications + interfaces, has been added. The + sysutil/sbniconfig port in + the FreeBSD Ports Collection can be used for + configuring these devices.
+ +The + sis(4) driver now + supports the SiS 900-style on-board Ethernet + controllers in the SiS 635 and 735 motherboard + chipsets.
+ +The + sis(4) driver now + supports VLANs.
+ ++ vlan(4) devices are + now loadable, unloadable, and clonable.
+ +The + wx(4) driver is now + deprecated; it is now officially unmaintained. Users + with Intel Pro/1000 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces should + use either the + em(4) driver or the + + gx(4) driver. (The + em(4) driver is + supported by Intel, but only works on the i386 + architecture. The + gx(4) driver was + developed by the FreeBSD Project, and is + multi-platform.)
+ +The + xl(4) driver now + supports send- and receive-side TCP/IP checksum + offloading for NICs implementing this feature, such as + the 3C905B, 3C905C, and 3C980C.
+ +A bug in the + xl(4) driver, related + to statistics overflow interrupt handling, was causing + slowdowns at medium to high packet rates; this has been + fixed.
+ +The per-interface ifnet + structure now has the ability to indicate a set of + capabilities supported by a network interface, and + which ones are enabled. + ifconfig(8) has + support for querying these capabilities.
+ +Performance with hosts having a large number of IP + aliases has been improved, by replacing the + per-interface if_inaddr linear + list with a hash table.
+ +The packet-forwarding performance of certain network + drivers (specifically + dc(4) and + sis(4)) has been + enhanced by the elimination of unnecessary buffer + copies.
+The read timeout feature of + bpf(4) now works more + correctly with + select(2)/ + poll(2), and + therefore with pthreads.
+ ++ bridge(4) and + dummynet(4) have + received some enhancements and bug fixes, and are now + loadable modules.
+ +A bug in the TCP NewReno implementation, which could + cause degraded throughput under certain circumstances, + has been fixed.
+ +TCP's default buffer sizes, controlled by the net.inet.tcp.sendspace and net.inet.tcp.recvspace sysctl + variables, have been increased to 32K and 64K + respectively. Previously, the default for both buffer + sizes was 16K. To try to avoid increasing congestion, + the default value for net.inet.tcp.local_slowstart_flightsize + has been changed from infinity to 4.
+ +++Note: On busy hosts, the new larger + buffer sizes may require manually increasing the + NMBCLUSTERS parameter, + either in the kernel configuration file or via the + kern.ipc.nmbclusters + loader tunable. netstat + -mb can be used to monitor the state of mbuf + clusters.
+
A bug in the TCP implementation, which could cause + connections to stall if a sender saw a zero-sized + window, has been corrected.
+ +The TCP implementation in FreeBSD now implements a + cache of outstanding, received SYN segments. Incoming + SYN segments now cause entries to be placed in the + cache until the TCP three-way handshake is complete, at + which point, memory is allocated for the connection as + usual. In addition, all TCP Initial Sequence Numbers + (ISNs) are used as cookies, allowing entries in the + cache to be dropped, but still have their corresponding + ACKs accepted later. The combination of the so-called + ``syncache'' and ``syncookies'' features makes a host + much more resistant to TCP-based Denial of Service + attacks. Work on this feature was sponsored by DARPA + and NAI Labs.
+The + aac(4) driver has + been updated to include proper handling of commands + initiated by the adapter, addition/removal of disk + devices, crashdump functionality, and + ioctl(2) commands + necessary for the management CLI. This driver is now + fully qualified and sanctioned by Adaptec.
+ +The + ata(4) driver now + supports a wider variety of chipsets, as listed in the + Hardware Notes.
+ +The + ata(4) driver now has + support for 48-bit addressing. Devices larger than + 137GB are now supported.
+ +The + ata(4) driver now + contains fixes for some data corruption problems on + systems using the VIA 82C686B Southbridge chip.
+ +The ciss driver, for devices utilizing the Common + Interface for SCSI-3 Support, has been added. This + driver supports the Compaq SmartRAID 5* family of RAID + controllers (5300, 532, 5i).
+ +The + isp(4) driver now + supports the Qlogic 2300 and 2312 Optical Fibre Channel + PCI cards.
+ +The ncv, nsp, and stg SCSI drivers can now be built + and loaded as modules.
+The directory layout preference algorithm for FFS + (dirprefs) has been changed. + Rather than scattering directory blocks across a disk, + it attempts to group related directory blocks together. + Operations traversing large directory hierarchies, such + as the FreeBSD Ports tree, have shown marked speedups. + This change is transparent and automatic for new + directories.
+ +The virtual memory subsystem now backs UFS directory + memory requirements by default (this behavior is + controlled via the vfs.vmiodirenable sysctl variable).
+ +A bug that prevented the root filesystem from being + mounted from a SCSI CDROM has been fixed (ATAPI CDROMs + were always supported).
+ +The UFS_DIRHASH hash-based + lookup optimization for large directories is now + enabled by default in the GENERIC kernel.
+ +A number of bugs in the filesystem code, discovered + through the use of the fsx + filesystem test tool, have been fixed. Under certain + circumstances (primarily related to use of NFS), these + bugs could cause data corruption or kernel panics.
+Various features have been merged from the FreeBSD + -CURRENT version of the + pcic(4) driver, + including improved support for ToPIC-based laptops, + 3.3V support for some controllers, and bugfixes.
+The + urio(4) driver, for + the Diamond Rio series of MP3 players, has been added. + (For some reason, a manual page for this driver was + committed to FreeBSD 4.3-RELEASE.)
+IPFilter now supports + IPv6.
+ ++ isdnphone(8) now + supports a -k option for + sending messages via the keypad facility to a PBX or + exchange office.
+ +The + isic(4) driver now + supports the Compaq Microcom 610 ISDN ISA PnP + card.
+Per-user ~/.login.conf files + were disabled in FreeBSD 4.4-RELEASE to avoid a security + hole caused by a bug. The bug was fixed and this feature + has been re-enabled.
+ +A security hole in OpenSSH, + which could allow users to execute code with arbitrary + privileges if UseLogin yes was + set, has been closed. Note that the default value of this + setting is UseLogin no. (See + security advisory FreeBSD-SA-01:63.)
+ +The use of an insecure temporary directory by + pkg_add(1) could permit + a local attacker to modify the contents of binary + packages while they were being installed. This hole has + been closed. (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:01.)
+ +A race condition in + pw(8), which could + expose the contents of /etc/master.passwd, has been eliminated. + (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:02.)
+ +A bug in + k5su(8) could have + allowed a process that had given up superuser privileges + to regain them. This bug has been fixed. (See security + advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:07.)
+ +A race condition in the + exec(3) system call, + which could result in local users obtaining increased + privileges, has been fixed. (See security advisory FreeBSD-SA-02:08.)
++ arp(8) now prints the + applicable interface name for each ARP entry.
+ +A minimalized version of + camcontrol(8) is now + available on the installation floppy. This allows it to + rescan for devices that have been connected after + booting, or to show the devices attached to SCSI busses + (e. g. from within the ``emergency holographic shell''). + As a side-effect, this allows devices attached to + aic(4)-based PCMCIA + SCSI adapters like the Adaptec APA-1460 to be used during + installation.
+ ++ cat(1) now has the + ability to read from UNIX-domain sockets.
+ +The compat4x compatability + distribution now includes versions of libcrypto.so.1 and libssl.so.1 that do not depend on the librsaUSA.so and librsaINTL.so libraries. This change + improves compatability with binaries built for FreeBSD + 4.1-RELEASE and older.
+ ++ edquota(8) now takes a + -f option to allow limiting the + prototype quota distribution (specified with -p) to a single filesystem.
+ ++ find(1) can now take + various units of time to be applied to the -[acm]time primaries.
+ ++ fmt(1) has been + rewritten; the rewrite fixes a number of bugs compared to + its prior behavior.
+ ++ ftpd(8) now supports + -o and -O + options to disable the RETR + command; the former for everybody, and the latter only + for guest users. Coupled with -A + and appropriate file permissions, these can be used to + create a relatively safe anonymous FTP drop box for + others to upload to.
+ +The + groups(1) and + whoami(1) shell scripts + are now unnecessary; their functionality has been + completely folded into + id(1).
+ ++ ipfw(8) will now avoid + the display of dynamic firewall rules unless the -d flag is passed to it. The -e option lists expired dynamic + rules.
+ ++ ipfw(8) has a new limit type of firewall rule, which + limits the number of sessions between address pairs.
+ ++ keyinfo(1) is now a C + program, rather than a Perl script.
+ +libfetch has been + synchronized to the version in FreeBSD -CURRENT; among + other features, it now has support for an authentication + callback.
+ +libstand now has support for + filesystems containing bzip2-compressed files.
+ +Locale names have been renamed to improve + compatibility with the names used by X11R6, as well as a + number of other UNIX versions. As an example, the en_US.ISO_8859-1 locale name has + been changed to en_US.ISO8859-1. + Entries in /etc/locale.alias, + /etc/man.alias, and /etc/nls.alias provide backward + compatibility. The table below summarizes the locale + changes:
+ +| FreeBSD + 4.4-RELEASE | + +FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE | +
|---|---|
| ISO_* | + +ISO* | +
| ru_SU* | + +ru_RU* | +
| DIS_* | + +ISO*-15 | +
| *.ASCII | + +*.US-ASCII | +
+ lpd(8) now has some + support for o-type print-file + actions in its control files, which allows printing of + PostScript files generated by MacOS 10.1.
+ ++ natd(8) now supports a + -log_ipfw_denied option to log + packets that cannot be re-injected because they are + blocked by + ipfw(8) rules.
+ ++ netstat(1) now has a + -z flag to reset statistics.
+ ++ netstat(1) now has a + -S flag to print addresses + numerically but port names symbolically.
+ +The default number of cylinders per group in + newfs(8) is now + computed to be the maximum allowable given the current + filesystem parameters. It can be overridden with the -c option. Formerly, the default was + fixed at 16. This change leads to better + fsck(8) performance and + reduced fragmentation.
+ +The default block + and fragment sizes for new filesystems created by + newfs(8) are now 16384 + and 2048 bytes, respectively (the old defaults were 8192 + and 1024 bytes). This change generally provides increased + performance, at the expense of some wasted disk + space.
+ ++ newsyslog(8) now has + the ability to compress log files using + bzip2(1).
+ ++ nl(1), a line numbering + filter program, has been added.
+ ++ pciconf(8) now supports + a -v option to display the + vendor/device information of configured devices, in + conjunction with the -l option. + The default vendor/device database can be found at /usr/share/misc/pci_vendors.
+ ++ ping(8) now supports a + -A option to beep when packets + are lost.
+ ++ route(8) is now more + verbose when changing indirect routes, in the case of a + gateway route that is the same route as the one being + modified.
+ ++ route(8) now uses host/bits syntax instead of net/bits syntax, for + compatibility with + netstat(1).
+ ++ route(8) can now create + ``proxy only'' published ARP entries.
+ +The + route(8) add command now supports the -ifp and -ifa + modifiers.
+ ++ send-pr(1) now takes a + -a option to include a file into + the Fix: section of a problem + report.
+ ++ sh(1) now implements + test as a built-in command for + improved efficiency.
+ ++ sysctl(8) now supports + a -e option to separate variable + names and values by = rather + than :. This feature is useful + for producing output that can be fed back to + sysctl(8).
+ ++ sysinstall(8) now has + the ability to load KLDs as a part of the + installation.
+ +When run from the installation media, + sysinstall(8) will + automatically load any device drivers found in the /stand/modules directory of the mfsroot floppy or filesystem image. + Note that any drivers so loaded will not appear in the + kernel's boot messages; the + sysinstall(8) debugging + screen will provide additional information.
+ ++ sysinstall(8) now + enables Soft Updates by default on all filesystems it + creates, except for the root filesystem.
+ ++ sysinstall(8) has + received updates for its ``auto'' partitioning mode which + provide more reasonable defaults for the sizes of + partitions that are created; auto-sized partitions can + now also recover the space that becomes available when + other partitions are deleted.
+ ++ syslogd(8) now has the + ability to bind to a specific address (as opposed to + using every available one) via the -b option.
+ ++ syslogd(8) now accepts + a -c flag to disable repeated + line compression.
+ +Previously, + vnconfig(8) was only + capable of configuring 16 devices when invoked with the + -f (configuration file) option. + This limit has been removed.
+ ++ wall(1) now supports a + -g flag to write a message to all + users of a given group.
+ ++ whois(1) supports a -c option to specify a country code + to help direct queries towards a particular whois + server.
+ +The version of IPFilter + provided with FreeBSD now includes the + ipfs(8) program, + which allows state information created for NAT entries + and stateful rules to be saved to disk and restored + after a reboot. Boot-time configuration of these + features is supported by + rc.conf(5).
+ +The NTP suite of programs + has been updated to 4.1.0.
+ +OpenSSH has been updated + to version 2.9, which adds two new programs, + sftp(1) and + ssh-keyscan(1). Among + the various enhancements: Rekeying of existing SSH + sessions is now supported, + ssh-agent(1) now + supports authentication forwarding for DSA keys, and an + experimental SOCKS4 proxy + has been added to + ssh(1).
+ +++Note: Protocol + 1,2 remains the default protocol setting in + /etc/ssh/ssh_config. In + FreeBSD -CURRENT, the default is Protocol 2,1.
+
The smmsp and mailnull users have been added to /etc/master.passwd. In the + absence of a confDEF_USER_ID + setting, by default, sendmail will use the mailnull user for extra security. + Previously, if the mailnull + user did not exist, the daemon user was used. This change may + generate some permissions issues when mailing to files + or to programs (such as + mail/majordomo). The previous + behavior can be restored by adding the following line + to a system's *.mc configuration + file:
++ define(`confDEF_USER_ID', `daemon') ++
Version 1.4.3 of the smbfs userland utilities have been + imported. + smbutil(1) and + mount_smbfs(8) are + now available in the base system, without the need to + install the + net/smbfs port. Note that + mount_smbfs(8) will + automatically load the smbfs.ko module into the kernel, even + if LIBMCHAIN and LIBICONV were not compiled into the + kernel.
+ +tcsh has been updated to + version 6.11.
+ +The timezone database has been updated to the tzdata2001d release.
+ +CVS has been updated to + 1.11.1p1.
+ ++ cvs(1) now supports + a -T option to update a + sandbox's CVS/Template file + from the repository.
+ ++ cvs(1) diff now supports the -j option to perform differences + against a revision relative to a branch tag.
+Due to delays in the certification process, native + JDK support for FreeBSD will + be released shortly after 4.5-RELEASE. An announcement + will be made on the FreeBSD Web site, as well as the + FreeBSD announcements mailing list <freebsd-announce@FreeBSD.org>, + when the distribution is available.
+ ++ pkg_create(1) now + supports a -b option to create + a package file from a locally-installed package.
+ ++ pkg_delete(1) now + supports a -r option for + recursive package removal.
+ +Version 4.2.0 of XFree86 + was released just a few days before the shipping date + for FreeBSD 4.5-RELEASE. As a result, the FreeBSD team + did not have time to test and evaluate the new version + for inclusion in the release. Therefore, FreeBSD + 4.5-RELEASE includes the older 4.1.0 version of the XFree86 package. Installing a + newer version of XFree86 can + be done using an up-to-date (post-release) copy of the + FreeBSD Ports Collection; instructions for doing so can + be found in the Using the Ports Collection section + of the FreeBSD Handbook.
+If you're upgrading from a previous release of FreeBSD, + you generally will have three options:
+ +Using the binary upgrade option of + sysinstall(8). This + option is perhaps the quickest, although it presumes + that your installation of FreeBSD uses no special + compilation options.
+Performing a complete reinstall of FreeBSD. + Technically, this is not an upgrading method, and in + any case is usually less convenient than a binary + upgrade, in that it requires you to manually backup and + restore the contents of /etc. + However, it may be useful in cases where you want (or + need) to change the partitioning of your disks.
+From source code in /usr/src. This route is more flexible, + but requires more disk space, time, and more technical + expertise. Upgrading from very old versions of FreeBSD + may be problematic; in cases like this, it is usually + more effective to perform a binary upgrade or a + complete reinstall.
+Please read the INSTALL.TXT + file for more information, preferably before beginning + an upgrade. If you are upgrading from source, please be + sure to read /usr/src/UPDATING as + well.
+ +Finally, if you want to use one of various means to + track the -STABLE or -CURRENT branches of FreeBSD, please + be sure to consult the ``-CURRENT vs. -STABLE'' section of the + FreeBSD Handbook.
+ +++Important: Upgrading FreeBSD should, of + course, only be attempted after backing up all data and + configuration files.
+
This file, and other release-related + documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/.
+ +For questions about FreeBSD, read the + documentation + before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
+ +For questions about this + documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.
+