diff --git a/usr.sbin/makefs/makefs.8 b/usr.sbin/makefs/makefs.8
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--- a/usr.sbin/makefs/makefs.8
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@@ -1,621 +1,618 @@
 .\"	$NetBSD: makefs.8,v 1.33 2011/05/22 21:51:39 christos Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Copyright (c) 2001-2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 .\" All rights reserved.
 .\"
 .\" Written by Luke Mewburn for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 .\"
 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 .\" are met:
 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 .\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
 .\"      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
 .\"      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 .\" 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
 .\"    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
 .\"    written permission.
 .\"
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
 .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 .\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 .\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
 .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
 .Dd January 19, 2024
 
 .Dt MAKEFS 8
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
 .Nm makefs
 .Nd create a file system image from a directory tree or a mtree manifest
 .Sh SYNOPSIS
 .Nm
 .Op Fl DxZ
 .Op Fl B Ar endian
 .Op Fl b Ar free-blocks
 .Op Fl d Ar debug-mask
 .Op Fl F Ar mtree-specfile
 .Op Fl f Ar free-files
 .Op Fl M Ar minimum-size
 .Op Fl m Ar maximum-size
 .Op Fl N Ar userdb-dir
 .Op Fl O Ar offset
 .Op Fl o Ar fs-options
 .Op Fl R Ar roundup-size
 .Op Fl S Ar sector-size
 .Op Fl s Ar image-size
 .Op Fl T Ar timestamp
 .Op Fl t Ar fs-type
 .Ar image-file
 .Ar directory | manifest
 .Op Ar extra-directory ...
 .Sh DESCRIPTION
 The utility
 .Nm
 creates a file system image into
 .Ar image-file
 from the directory tree
 .Ar directory
 or from the mtree manifest
 .Ar manifest .
 If any optional directory trees are passed in the
 .Ar extra-directory
 arguments, then the directory tree of each argument will be merged
 into the
 .Ar directory
 or
 .Ar manifest
 first before creating
 .Ar image-file .
 No special devices or privileges are required to perform this task.
 .Pp
 The options are as follows:
 .Bl -tag -width flag
 .It Fl B Ar endian
 Set the byte order of the image to
 .Ar endian .
 Valid byte orders are
 .Ql 4321 ,
 .Ql big ,
 or
 .Ql be
 for big endian, and
 .Ql 1234 ,
 .Ql little ,
 or
 .Ql le
 for little endian.
 Some file systems may have a fixed byte order; in those cases this
 argument will be ignored.
 .It Fl b Ar free-blocks
 Ensure that a minimum of
 .Ar free-blocks
 free blocks exist in the image.
 An optional
 .Ql %
 suffix may be provided to indicate that
 .Ar free-blocks
 indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.
 .It Fl D
 Treat duplicate paths in an mtree manifest as warnings not error.
 If this flag is specified more than once, warnings about duplicate paths
 are not printed at all.
 .It Fl d Ar debug-mask
 Enable various levels of debugging, depending upon which bits are
 set in
 .Ar debug-mask .
 This option is intended for source debugging.
 .Ar debug-mask
 is a bit map defined in the header file
 .Ar makefs.h .
 See the source for usage, and look for defines starting with
 .Ar DEBUG_ .
 .It Fl F Ar mtree-specfile
 .Em This is almost certainly not the option you are looking for.
 To create an image from a list of files in an mtree format manifest,
 specify it as the last argument on the command line, not as a the
 argument to
 .Fl F .
 .Pp
 Use
 .Ar mtree-specfile
 as an
 .Xr mtree 8
 .Sq specfile
 specification.
 This option has no effect when the image is created from a mtree manifest
 rather than a directory.
 .Pp
 If a specfile entry exists in the underlying file system, its
 permissions and modification time will be used unless specifically
 overridden by the specfile.
 An error will be raised if the type of entry in the specfile
 conflicts with that of an existing entry.
 .Pp
 In the opposite case (where a specfile entry does not have an entry
 in the underlying file system) the following occurs:
 If the specfile entry is marked
 .Sy optional ,
 the specfile entry is ignored.
 Otherwise, the entry will be created in the image, and it is
 necessary to specify at least the following parameters in the
 specfile:
 .Sy type ,
 .Sy mode ,
 .Sy gname ,
 or
 .Sy gid ,
 and
 .Sy uname
 or
 .Sy uid ,
 and
 .Sy link
 (in the case of symbolic links).
 If
 .Sy time
 is not provided, the current time will be used.
 If
 .Sy flags
 is not provided, the current file flags will be used.
 Missing regular file entries will be created as zero-length files.
 .It Fl f Ar free-files
 Ensure that a minimum of
 .Ar free-files
 free files (inodes) exist in the image.
 An optional
 .Ql %
 suffix may be provided to indicate that
 .Ar free-files
 indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.
 .It Fl M Ar minimum-size
 Set the minimum size of the file system image to
 .Ar minimum-size .
 .It Fl m Ar maximum-size
 Set the maximum size of the file system image to
 .Ar maximum-size .
 An error will be raised if the target file system needs to be larger
 than this to accommodate the provided directory tree.
 .It Fl N Ar userdb-dir
 Use the user database text file
 .Pa master.passwd
 and group database text file
 .Pa group
 from
 .Ar userdb-dir ,
 rather than using the results from the system's
 .Xr getpwnam 3
 and
 .Xr getgrnam 3
 (and related) library calls.
 .It Fl O Ar offset
 Instead of creating the filesystem at the beginning of the file, start
 at offset.
 Valid only for
 .Sy ffs
 and
 .Sy msdos .
 .It Fl o Ar fs-options
 Set file system specific options.
 .Ar fs-options
 is a comma separated list of options.
 Valid file system specific options are detailed below.
 .It Fl p
 Deprecated.
 See the
 .Fl Z
 flag.
 .It Fl R Ar roundup-size
 Round the image up to
 .Ar roundup-size .
 .Ar roundup-size
 should be a multiple of the file system block size.
 This option only applies to the
 .Sy ffs
 file system type.
 .It Fl S Ar sector-size
 Set the file system sector size to
 .Ar sector-size .
 .\" XXX: next line also true for cd9660?
 Defaults to 512.
 .It Fl s Ar image-size
 Set the size of the file system image to
 .Ar image-size .
 This is equivalent to setting both the minimum
 .Fl ( M )
 and the maximum
 .Fl ( m )
 sizes to the same value.
 For
 .Sy ffs
 and
 .Sy msdos
 the
 .Ar image-size
 does not include the
 .Ar offset .
 .Ar offset
 is not included in that size.
 .It Fl T Ar timestamp
 Specify a timestamp to be set for all filesystem files and directories
 created so that repeatable builds are possible.
 The
 .Ar timestamp
 can be a
 .Pa pathname ,
 where the timestamps are derived from that file, or an integer
 value interpreted as the number of seconds from the Epoch.
 Note that timestamps specified in an
 .Xr mtree 5
 spec file, override the default timestamp.
 .It Fl t Ar fs-type
 Create an
 .Ar fs-type
 file system image.
 The following file system types are supported:
 .Bl -tag -width cd9660 -offset indent
 .It Sy ffs
 BSD fast file system (default).
 .It Sy cd9660
 ISO 9660 file system.
 .It Sy msdos
 FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.
 .It Sy zfs
 ZFS pool containing one or more file systems.
 .El
 .It Fl x
 Exclude file system nodes not explicitly listed in the specfile.
 .It Fl Z
 Create a sparse file for
 .Sy ffs .
 This is useful for virtual machine images.
 .El
 .Pp
 Where sizes are specified, a decimal number of bytes is expected.
 Two or more numbers may be separated by an
 .Dq x
 to indicate a product.
 Each number may have one of the following optional suffixes:
 .Bl -tag -width 3n -offset indent -compact
 .It b
 Block; multiply by 512
 .It k
 Kibi; multiply by 1024 (1 KiB)
 .It m
 Mebi; multiply by 1048576 (1 MiB)
 .It g
 Gibi; multiply by 1073741824 (1 GiB)
 .It t
 Tebi; multiply by 1099511627776 (1 TiB)
 .It w
 Word; multiply by the number of bytes in an integer
 .El
 .\"
 .\"
 .Ss FFS-specific options
 .Sy ffs
 images have ffs-specific optional parameters that may be provided.
 Each of the options consists of a keyword, an equal sign
 .Pq Ql = ,
 and a value.
 The following keywords are supported:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width optimization -offset indent -compact
 .It Sy avgfilesize
 Expected average file size.
 .It Sy avgfpdir
 Expected number of files per directory.
 .It Sy bsize
 Block size.
 .It Sy density
 Bytes per inode. If unset, will allocate the minimum number of inodes to
 represent the filesystem if no free space has been requested (free blocks
 or minimum size set); otherwise the larger of the newfs defaults or what
 is required by the free inode parameters if set.
 .It Sy fsize
 Fragment size.
 .It Sy label
 Label name of the image.
 .It Sy maxbpg
 Maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group.
 .It Sy minfree
 Minimum % free.
 .It Sy optimization
 Optimization preference; one of
 .Ql space
 or
 .Ql time .
 .It Sy extent
 Maximum extent size.
 .It Sy maxbpcg
 Maximum total number of blocks in a cylinder group.
 .It Sy version
 UFS version.
 1 for FFS (default), 2 for UFS2.
 .It Sy softupdates
 0 for disable (default), 1 for enable
 .El
 .Ss CD9660-specific options
 .Sy cd9660
 images have ISO9660-specific optional parameters that may be
 provided.
 The arguments consist of a keyword and, optionally, an equal sign
 .Pq Ql = ,
 and a value.
 The following keywords are supported:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width omit-trailing-period -offset indent -compact
 .It Sy allow-deep-trees
 Allow the directory structure to exceed the maximum specified in
 the spec.
 .It Sy allow-illegal-chars
 Allow illegal characters in filenames.
 This option is not implemented.
 .It Sy allow-lowercase
 Allow lowercase characters in filenames.
 This option is not implemented.
 .It Sy allow-max-name
 Allow 37 instead of 33 characters for filenames by omitting the
 version id.
 .It Sy allow-multidot
 Allow multiple dots in a filename.
 .It Sy applicationid
 Application ID of the image.
 .It Sy archimedes
 Use the
 .Ql ARCHIMEDES
 extension to encode
 .Tn RISC OS
 metadata.
 .It Sy bootimagedir
 Boot image directory.
 This option is not implemented.
 .It Sy chrp-boot
 Write an MBR partition table to the image to allow older CHRP hardware to
 boot.
 .It Sy boot-load-segment
 Set load segment for the boot image.
 .It Sy bootimage
 Filename of a boot image in the format
 .Dq sysid;filename ,
 where
 .Dq sysid
 is one of
 .Ql efi ,
 .Ql i386 ,
 .Ql mac68k ,
 .Ql macppc ,
 or
 .Ql powerpc .
 .It Sy generic-bootimage
 Load a generic boot image into the first 32K of the cd9660 image.
 .It Sy hard-disk-boot
 Boot image is a hard disk image.
 .It Sy isolevel
 An integer representing the ISO 9660 interchange level where
 .Dq level
 is either
 .Ql 1
 or
 .Ql 2 .
 .Dq level
 .Ql 3
 is not implemented.
 .It Sy keep-bad-images
 Do not discard images whose write was aborted due to an error.
 For debugging purposes.
 .It Sy label
 Label name of the image.
 .It Sy no-boot
 Boot image is not bootable.
 .It Sy no-emul-boot
 Boot image is a
 .Dq no emulation
 ElTorito image.
 .It Sy no-trailing-padding
 Do not pad the image (apparently Linux needs the padding).
 .It Sy omit-trailing-period
 Omit trailing periods in filenames.
 .It Sy platformid
 Set platform ID of section header entry of the boot image.
 .It Sy preparer
 Preparer ID of the image.
 .It Sy publisher
 Publisher ID of the image.
 .It Sy rockridge
 Use RockRidge extensions (for longer filenames, etc.).
 .It Sy verbose
 Turns on verbose output.
 .It Sy volumeid
 Volume set identifier of the image.
 .El
 .Ss msdos-specific options
 .Sy msdos
 images have MS-DOS-specific optional parameters that may be
 provided.
 The arguments consist of a keyword, an equal sign
 .Pq Ql = ,
 and a value.
 The following keywords are supported (see
 .Xr newfs_msdos 8
 for more details):
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width omit-trailing-period -offset indent -compact
 .It Cm backup_sector
 Location of the backup boot sector.
 .It Cm block_size
 Block size.
 .It Cm bootstrap
 Bootstrap file.
 .It Cm bytes_per_sector
 Bytes per sector.
 .It Cm create_size
 Create file size.
 .It Cm directory_entries
 Directory entries.
 .It Cm drive_heads
 Drive heads.
 .It Cm fat_type
 FAT type (12, 16, or 32).
 .It Cm floppy
 Preset drive parameters for standard format floppy disks
 (160, 180, 320, 360, 640, 720, 1200, 1232, 1440, or 2880).
 .It Cm hidden_sectors
 Hidden sectors.
 .It Cm info_sector
 Location of the info sector.
 .It Cm media_descriptor
 Media descriptor.
 .It Cm num_FAT
 Number of FATs.
 .It Cm OEM_string
 OEM string.
 .It Cm offset
 Offset in device.
 This option will be ignored if
 .Fl O
 is set to a positive number.
 .It Cm reserved_sectors
 Reserved sectors.
 .It Cm sectors_per_cluster
 Sectors per cluster.
 .It Cm sectors_per_fat
 Sectors per FAT.
 .It Cm sectors_per_track
 Sectors per track.
 .It Cm size
 File System size.
 .It Cm volume_id
 Volume ID.
 .It Cm volume_label
 Volume Label.
 .El
 .Ss zfs-specific options
-Note: ZFS support is currently considered experimental.
-Do not use it for anything critical.
-.Pp
 The image created by
 .Nm
 contains a ZFS pool with a single vdev of type
 .Ql disk .
 The root dataset is always created implicitly and contains the entire input
 directory tree unless additional datasets are specified using the options
 described below.
 .Pp
 The arguments consist of a keyword, an equal sign
 .Pq Ql = ,
 and a value.
 The following keywords are supported:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -width omit-trailing-period -offset indent -compact
 .It ashift
 The base-2 logarithm of the minimum block size.
 Typical values are 9 (512B blocks) and 12 (4KB blocks).
 The default value is 12.
 .It bootfs
 The name of the bootable dataset for the pool.
 Specifying this option causes the
 .Ql bootfs
 property to be set in the created pool.
 .It mssize
 The size of metaslabs in the created pool.
 By default,
 .Nm
 allocates large (up to 512MB) metaslabs with the expectation that
 the image will be auto-expanded upon first use.
 This option allows the default heuristic to be overridden.
 .It verify-txgs
 Prompt OpenZFS to verify pool metadata during import.
 This is disabled by default as it may significantly increase import times.
 .It poolname
 The name of the ZFS pool.
 This option must be specified.
 .It rootpath
 An implicit path prefix added to dataset mountpoints.
 By default it is
 .Pa /<poolname> .
 For creating bootable pools, the
 .Va rootpath
 should be set to
 .Pa / .
 At least one dataset must have a mountpoint equal to
 .Va rootpath .
 .It fs
 Create an additional dataset.
 This option may be specified multiple times.
 The argument value must be of the form
 .Ar <dataset>[;<prop1=v1>[;<prop2=v2>[;...]]] ,
 where
 .Ar dataset
 is the name of the dataset and must belong to the pool's namespace.
 For example, with a pool name of
 .Ql test
 all dataset names must be prefixed by
 .Ql test/ .
 A dataset must exist at each level of the pool's namespace.
 For example, to create
 .Ql test/foo/bar ,
 .Ql test/foo
 must be created as well.
 .Pp
 The dataset mountpoints determine how the datasets are populated with
 files from the staged directory tree.
 Conceptually, all datasets are mounted before any are populated with files.
 The root of the staged directory tree is mapped to
 .Va rootpath .
 .Pp
 Dataset properties, as described in
 .Xr zfsprops 7 ,
 may be specified following the dataset name.
 The following properties may be set for a dataset:
 .Pp
 .Bl -tag -compact -offset indent
 .It atime
 .It canmount
 .It exec
 .It mountpoint
 .It setuid
 .El
 .El
 .Sh SEE ALSO
 .Xr mtree 5 ,
 .Xr zfsconcepts 7 ,
 .Xr zfsprops 7 ,
 .Xr zpoolprops 7 ,
 .Xr mtree 8 ,
 .Xr newfs 8
 .Sh HISTORY
 The
 .Nm
 utility appeared in
 .Nx 1.6 .
 It was ported to
 .Fx
 and first appeared in
 .Fx 8.0 .
 .Sh AUTHORS
 .An Luke Mewburn
 .Aq Mt lukem@NetBSD.org
 (original program),
 .An Daniel Watt ,
 .An Walter Deignan ,
 .An Ryan Gabrys ,
 .An Alan Perez-Rathke ,
 .An Ram Vedam
 (cd9660 support),
 .An Christos Zoulas
 (msdos support),
 .An Mark Johnston
 (zfs support).