misc/codex: Update to 0.154.0
While here, update patch to restore apply patch functionality. [1]
Changelog: https://github.com/openai/codex/releases/tag/rust-v0.154.0
PR: 298406
Reported by: shurd
Obtained from: OpenBSD ports (https://github.com/openbsd/ports/blob/master/devel/codex/patches/patch-codex-rs_core_src_tools_handlers_apply_patch_rs) [1]